Colombo, S.F.G.; Nava, C.; Castoldi, F.; Fabiano, V.; Meneghin, F.; Lista, G.; Cavigioli, F. Preterm Infants’ Airway Microbiome: A Scoping Review of the Current Evidence. Nutrients2024, 16, 465.
Colombo, S.F.G.; Nava, C.; Castoldi, F.; Fabiano, V.; Meneghin, F.; Lista, G.; Cavigioli, F. Preterm Infants’ Airway Microbiome: A Scoping Review of the Current Evidence. Nutrients 2024, 16, 465.
Colombo, S.F.G.; Nava, C.; Castoldi, F.; Fabiano, V.; Meneghin, F.; Lista, G.; Cavigioli, F. Preterm Infants’ Airway Microbiome: A Scoping Review of the Current Evidence. Nutrients2024, 16, 465.
Colombo, S.F.G.; Nava, C.; Castoldi, F.; Fabiano, V.; Meneghin, F.; Lista, G.; Cavigioli, F. Preterm Infants’ Airway Microbiome: A Scoping Review of the Current Evidence. Nutrients 2024, 16, 465.
Abstract
The aim of this scoping review was to investigate and synthesize existing evidence on the airway microbiome of preterm infants, to outline the prognostic and therapeutic significance of these microbiomes within the preterm population, and identify gaps in current knowledge, proposing avenues for future research. We performed a scoping review of the literature following the Arskey and O'Malley framework. In accordance with our inclusion criteria and the intended purpose of this scoping review, we identified a total of 21 articles. The investigation of the airway microbiome in preterm infants has revealed new insights into its unique characteristics, highlighting distinct dynamics when compared to term infants. Perinatal factors, such as mode of delivery, chorioamnionitis, the respiratory support, and antibiotic treatment, could impact the composition of the airway microbiome. The 'gut-lung axis’, examining the link between the lung and gut microbiome, as well as modifications in respiratory microbiome across different sites and over time, has also been explored. Furthermore, correlations between the airway microbiome and adverse outcomes, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), have been established. Additional research in neonatal care is essential to understand early colonization of infants’ airways and explore methods for its optimization. The critical opportunity to shape long-term health through microbiome-mediated effects likely lies within the neonatal period.
Medicine and Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
