Ghosh, A.; Pavlovic, M.; Larrondo-Petrie, M.M. Rational Vaccine Design for SARS-CoV-2 Virus—A Systematic Review. Preprints2023, 2023111607. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.1607.v1
APA Style
Ghosh, A., Pavlovic, M., & Larrondo-Petrie, M.M. (2023). Rational Vaccine Design for SARS-CoV-2 Virus—A Systematic Review. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.1607.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Ghosh, A., Mirjana Pavlovic and Maria M. Larrondo-Petrie. 2023 "Rational Vaccine Design for SARS-CoV-2 Virus—A Systematic Review" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.1607.v1
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted global health and economies, necessitating the development of effective vaccines against the novel virus. Understanding the structure and function of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for rational vaccine design. The virus consists of several key proteins, including the spike protein, envelope protein, membrane protein, and nucleocapsid protein. The spike protein plays a crucial role in host cell entry by binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor on human cells. The replication of the virus within host cells is facilitated by various viral proteins, such as the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and the main protease (Mpro).Rational vaccine design strategies for SARS-CoV-2 primarily focus on targeting the spike protein due to its role in host cell entry. However, developing vaccines against this protein is challenging due to its highly mutable nature and potential conformational changes. Alternative strategies involve using other viral proteins, such as the nucleocapsid protein, which is conserved and essential for viral replication.Considering T-cell responses in vaccine design is also vital as they play a vital role in controlling viral infections. Vaccines that elicit both antibody and T-cell responses are more likely to provide robust and durable immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Advancements in rational vaccine design for SARS-CoV-2 include mRNA-based vaccines, viral vector-based vaccines, and protein subunit vaccines. However, challenges remain in developing a universally effective vaccine, including the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants and mutations that may affect the efficacy of existing vaccines.In conclusion, rational vaccine design for SARS-CoV-2 requires a comprehensive understanding of the virus's structure and function, targeting key viral proteins, and considering T-cell responses.
Computer Science and Mathematics, Computer Science
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