PreprintArticleVersion 2Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Geospatial Approaches to Improve Water Availability through Demand Assessment in Agriculture based on Treated Wastewater: A Case Study on Weinstadt, Baden-Württemberg
Version 1
: Received: 17 November 2023 / Approved: 20 November 2023 / Online: 20 November 2023 (13:58:53 CET)
Version 2
: Received: 29 November 2023 / Approved: 30 November 2023 / Online: 30 November 2023 (15:00:50 CET)
Karmaker, S.; Bandyopadhyay, S.; Bauer, S. Geospatial Approaches to Improve Water Availability through Demand Assessment in Agriculture Based on Treated Wastewater: A Case Study of Weinstadt, Baden-Württemberg. Water2024, 16, 704.
Karmaker, S.; Bandyopadhyay, S.; Bauer, S. Geospatial Approaches to Improve Water Availability through Demand Assessment in Agriculture Based on Treated Wastewater: A Case Study of Weinstadt, Baden-Württemberg. Water 2024, 16, 704.
Karmaker, S.; Bandyopadhyay, S.; Bauer, S. Geospatial Approaches to Improve Water Availability through Demand Assessment in Agriculture Based on Treated Wastewater: A Case Study of Weinstadt, Baden-Württemberg. Water2024, 16, 704.
Karmaker, S.; Bandyopadhyay, S.; Bauer, S. Geospatial Approaches to Improve Water Availability through Demand Assessment in Agriculture Based on Treated Wastewater: A Case Study of Weinstadt, Baden-Württemberg. Water 2024, 16, 704.
Abstract
The sustainable management of water scarcity is a global crucial issue. Germany has es- tablished efficient water management systems, but the agricultural sector still struggles with water scarcity as the demand surpasses the available water supply. The primary aim is to establish a framework for making water accessible for irrigation and additional use on households through the effective utilization of recycled water from wastewater treatment facilities. The research inquiries are focused on evaluating the changes in the agricultural irrigation model in CROPWAT, determining the spatial distribution of zonal severity, estimating the capacity of urban roof catchments, and evaluating the reduction volume of efficient water required from the existing wastewater treatment plant supply. According to the findings, the annual amount of water required for agriculture in the designated study location is approximately 2.9 million m3. Although there is no initial need for irrigation water, yet the demand for irrigation water increases during the development, active growth, and mature stages of maize, winter wheat, and wine grapes, reaching around 189mm, 225mm, and 62mm, respectively. According to our observation, the annual water supply in Weinstadt is around 4 million m3. On the other hand, the amount of water calculated from urban roof rainfall is estimated 0.8 million m3, which is considered valuable from an economic standpoint. This economically efficient volume of water would reduce the current treated water supply passes an opportunity for enhanced agricultural irrigation
Keywords
Water Scarcity; Irrigation water; Roof Catchment; CROPWAT; Germany
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Geography
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received:
30 November 2023
Commenter:
Sourav Karmaker
Commenter's Conflict of Interests:
Author
Comment:
1. The Corresponding Author bibliography has been updated in Line 6 2. Section (2.3.3) title has changed in line 206 3. Table A1 title has changed in line 601 4. Manuscript writings have been updated according to the reviewers' comments in line 18, 19, 25, 30, 37, 38, 43, 46, 47, 48, 52, 71, 399, 469
Commenter: Sourav Karmaker
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author
2. Section (2.3.3) title has changed in line 206
3. Table A1 title has changed in line 601
4. Manuscript writings have been updated according to the reviewers' comments in line 18, 19, 25, 30, 37, 38, 43, 46, 47, 48, 52, 71, 399, 469