Alevroudis, I.; Kotoulas, S.-C.; Tzikas, S.; Vassilikos, V. Congestion in Heart Failure: From the Secret of a Mummy to Today’s Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches: A Comprehensive Review. J. Clin. Med.2024, 13, 12.
Alevroudis, I.; Kotoulas, S.-C.; Tzikas, S.; Vassilikos, V. Congestion in Heart Failure: From the Secret of a Mummy to Today’s Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches: A Comprehensive Review. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 12.
Alevroudis, I.; Kotoulas, S.-C.; Tzikas, S.; Vassilikos, V. Congestion in Heart Failure: From the Secret of a Mummy to Today’s Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches: A Comprehensive Review. J. Clin. Med.2024, 13, 12.
Alevroudis, I.; Kotoulas, S.-C.; Tzikas, S.; Vassilikos, V. Congestion in Heart Failure: From the Secret of a Mummy to Today’s Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches: A Comprehensive Review. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 12.
Abstract
This review paper presents a flashback on the evolution of the disease throughout the centuries, describes in summary pathophysiologic mechanisms, discusses briefly the mechanism of action of the diuretics, presents their role in decongesting heart failure patients and unfolds the data behind ultrafiltration in the management of acutely or chronically decompensated heart failure (ADHF), focusing on all the available data and advancements in this field. Acutely decompensated heart failure (ADHF) presents a critical clinical condition characterized by worsening symptoms and signs of heart failure, necessitating prompt intervention to alleviate congestion and improve cardiac function. Diuretics have traditionally been the mainstay for managing fluid overload in ADHF. Mounting evidence suggests that due to numerous causes, such as coexisting renal failure or chronic use of the loop diuretics, an increasing rate of diuretic resistance is noticed and needs to be addressed. There has been a series of trials that combined diuretics of different categories, without the expected results. Emerging evidence suggests that ultrafiltration may offer an alternative or adjunctive approach.
Medicine and Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
