Version 1
: Received: 9 November 2023 / Approved: 10 November 2023 / Online: 10 November 2023 (13:58:08 CET)
How to cite:
Martín-Ruiz, I.; Herrera-Gallego, A.; García-Pérez, C. Socio-Emotional Problems and Personal Resources in Spanish Adolescents after COVID-19. Gender Difference.. Preprints2023, 2023110717. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0717.v1
Martín-Ruiz, I.; Herrera-Gallego, A.; García-Pérez, C. Socio-Emotional Problems and Personal Resources in Spanish Adolescents after COVID-19. Gender Difference.. Preprints 2023, 2023110717. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0717.v1
Martín-Ruiz, I.; Herrera-Gallego, A.; García-Pérez, C. Socio-Emotional Problems and Personal Resources in Spanish Adolescents after COVID-19. Gender Difference.. Preprints2023, 2023110717. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0717.v1
APA Style
Martín-Ruiz, I., Herrera-Gallego, A., & García-Pérez, C. (2023). Socio-Emotional Problems and Personal Resources in Spanish Adolescents after COVID-19. Gender Difference.. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0717.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Martín-Ruiz, I., Ana Herrera-Gallego and Cristina García-Pérez. 2023 "Socio-Emotional Problems and Personal Resources in Spanish Adolescents after COVID-19. Gender Difference." Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0717.v1
Abstract
Adolescence is a stage of change and transition, which together with the COVID-19 situation, has been a huge source of vulnerability and facilitated the development of emotional disorders. This study aims to analyse internalising (anxiety and depression) and externalising (anger and aggression) symptoms in adolescence according to gender, as well as personal resources (self-esteem, social competence and integration, and awareness of problems) put in place as a mechanism of protection and coping after the situation of the pandemic. The study population encompassed 445 adolescents, of whom 230 were boys and 215 were girls, between the ages of 12 and 17. A self-reported Likert-type test was used. Findings indicate that girls show greater levels of internalising (anxiety and depression) and externalising problems (anger), finding no differences for the variable aggression between the two groups. Personal resources are closely linked to emotional symptomatology, providing a source of protection in both genders. The findings indicate a maladaptive pattern for adolescents that requires early intervention within the field of education.
Keywords
internalising; externalising; personal resources; gender; adolescence.
Subject
Public Health and Healthcare, Public Health and Health Services
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
