Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Characterization of Nanoprecipitated PET Nanoplastics by 1H NMR and Impact of Residual Ionic Surfactant on Viability of Human Primary Mononuclear Cells and Hemolysis of Erythrocytes

Milica Djapovic
ORCID logo ,
Danijela Apostolovic
ORCID logo ,
Vojislava Postic
,
Tamara Lujic
,
Vesna Jovanovic
,
Dragana Stanic-Vucinic
,
Marianne Van Hage
ORCID logo ,
Veselin Maslak
* ORCID logo ,
Tanja Cirkovic Velickovic
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 1 November 2023 / Approved: 1 November 2023 / Online: 2 November 2023 (08:38:02 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Djapovic, M.; Apostolovic, D.; Postic, V.; Lujic, T.; Jovanovic, V.; Stanic-Vucinic, D.; van Hage, M.; Maslak, V.; Cirkovic Velickovic, T. Characterization of Nanoprecipitated PET Nanoplastics by 1H NMR and Impact of Residual Ionic Surfactant on Viability of Human Primary Mononuclear Cells and Hemolysis of Erythrocytes. Polymers 2023, 15, 4703. Djapovic, M.; Apostolovic, D.; Postic, V.; Lujic, T.; Jovanovic, V.; Stanic-Vucinic, D.; van Hage, M.; Maslak, V.; Cirkovic Velickovic, T. Characterization of Nanoprecipitated PET Nanoplastics by 1H NMR and Impact of Residual Ionic Surfactant on Viability of Human Primary Mononuclear Cells and Hemolysis of Erythrocytes. Polymers 2023, 15, 4703.

Abstract

Manufactured nanoplastic particles (NPs) are indispensable for in vitro and in vivo testing and health risk assessment of this emerging environmental contaminant. High surface area and inherent hydrophobicity of plastic material, makes production of NPs devoid of any contaminants very challenging. In this study we produced nanoprecipitated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) NPs (300 nm hydrodynamic diameter) and characterized presence of ionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) by 1H NMR. Relative ratio of NP/surfactant was monitored on the basis of chemical shifts characteristic for PET and SDS. For a wide range of surfactant/NP ratio (1:17 to 1:1.2), measured zeta potential changed from -42.10 to -34.93 mV, but no clear differences were observed in cellular assays performed in protein-rich media on primary human cells. The remaining impurities contributed to the outcome of biological assays applied in protein-free buffers, such as human red blood cells hemolysis. As size, shape, zeta potential and contaminants of NPs may all be relevant parameters for biological effects of NPs, relative quantification of impurities exemplified in our work by application of 1H NMR for PET NPs and ionic surfactant SDS could be a valuable auxiliary method in quality control of manufactured NPs.

Keywords

nanoplastics; nanoprecipitation; PET; surfactant; SDS; cytotoxicity; haemolysis

Subject

Chemistry and Materials Science, Polymers and Plastics

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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