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Oxidized Alginate and Nano-Hydroxyapatite as Biodegradable Tanning Agent and Non-Toxic Flame Retardant for cleaner leather tanning and post-tanning processes
Quaratesi, I.; Micu, M.C.; Rebba, E.; Carsote, C.; Proietti, N.; Di Tullio, V.; Porcaro, R.; Badea, E. Cleaner Leather Tanning and Post-Tanning Processes Using Oxidized Alginate as Biodegradable Tanning Agent and Nano-Hydroxyapatite as Potential Flame Retardant. Polymers2023, 15, 4676.
Quaratesi, I.; Micu, M.C.; Rebba, E.; Carsote, C.; Proietti, N.; Di Tullio, V.; Porcaro, R.; Badea, E. Cleaner Leather Tanning and Post-Tanning Processes Using Oxidized Alginate as Biodegradable Tanning Agent and Nano-Hydroxyapatite as Potential Flame Retardant. Polymers 2023, 15, 4676.
Quaratesi, I.; Micu, M.C.; Rebba, E.; Carsote, C.; Proietti, N.; Di Tullio, V.; Porcaro, R.; Badea, E. Cleaner Leather Tanning and Post-Tanning Processes Using Oxidized Alginate as Biodegradable Tanning Agent and Nano-Hydroxyapatite as Potential Flame Retardant. Polymers2023, 15, 4676.
Quaratesi, I.; Micu, M.C.; Rebba, E.; Carsote, C.; Proietti, N.; Di Tullio, V.; Porcaro, R.; Badea, E. Cleaner Leather Tanning and Post-Tanning Processes Using Oxidized Alginate as Biodegradable Tanning Agent and Nano-Hydroxyapatite as Potential Flame Retardant. Polymers 2023, 15, 4676.
Abstract
In this study, sodium alginate (SA) was oxidized with potassium periodate to produce an alginate-based tanning agent. Using OSA as a biodegradable tanning agent and a nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HAp) low concentration suspension to give flame retardancy to leather, eco-design concepts were applied to establish a chrome-, aldehyde-, and phenol-free tanning process. Micro-DSC, 1H NMR, attenuated total reflection mode Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were used to investigate the complex matrix collagen-OSA-nano-HAp. Micro-differential scanning calorimetry (micro-DSC) was used to assess OSA's ability to interact with collagen and stabilize the collagen-OSA matrix, while 1H unilateral nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to investigate the aqueous environment and limitations around collagen molecules caused by their association with OSA and nano-HAp. Industrial standard tests were used to assess mechanical properties and fire resistance of the new leather prototype. The findings reported here indicate that both OSA and nano-HAp are suitable alternatives for cleaner tanning technologies and more sustainable leather.
Chemistry and Materials Science, Applied Chemistry
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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