Orsini, F.; Crotti, C.; Cincinelli, G.; Di Taranto, R.; Amati, A.; Ferrito, M.; Varenna, M.; Caporali, R. Bone Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondyloartritis: An Updated Review. Biology2023, 12, 1320.
Orsini, F.; Crotti, C.; Cincinelli, G.; Di Taranto, R.; Amati, A.; Ferrito, M.; Varenna, M.; Caporali, R. Bone Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondyloartritis: An Updated Review. Biology 2023, 12, 1320.
Orsini, F.; Crotti, C.; Cincinelli, G.; Di Taranto, R.; Amati, A.; Ferrito, M.; Varenna, M.; Caporali, R. Bone Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondyloartritis: An Updated Review. Biology2023, 12, 1320.
Orsini, F.; Crotti, C.; Cincinelli, G.; Di Taranto, R.; Amati, A.; Ferrito, M.; Varenna, M.; Caporali, R. Bone Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondyloartritis: An Updated Review. Biology 2023, 12, 1320.
Abstract
Several rheumatologic diseases are primarily distinguished by their involvement of bone tissue, where it not only serves as a mere target of the condition but often plays a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. This scenario is particularly prominent in chronic inflammatory arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA). Given the immunological and systemic nature of these diseases, in this review, we report an overview of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the specific bone involvement, focusing on the complex interactions that occur between bone tissue's own cells and the molecular and cellular actors of the immune system, a recent and fascinating field of interest defined osteoimmunology. Specifically, we have comprehensively elaborated on the distinct pathogenic mechanisms of bone erosion seen in both rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis, as well as the characteristic process of aberrant bone formation observed in spondyloarthritis. Lastly, chronic inflammatory arthritis lead to systemic bone involvement, resulting in systemic bone loss and consequent osteoporosis, along with increased skeletal fragility.
Keywords
osteoimmunology; rheumatoid arthritis; erosions; spondyloarthritis; bone tissue; new bone formation
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Immunology and Allergy
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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