PreprintCase ReportVersion 1Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Thyroid Eye Disease as Initial Manifestation of Graves’ Disease Following Viral Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine—Report of A Case and Review of the Literature
Armeni, A.K.; Markantes, G.Κ.; Stathopoulou, A.; Saltiki, K.; Zampakis, P.; Assimakopoulos, S.F.; Michalaki, M.A. Thyroid Eye Disease as Initial Manifestation of Graves’ Disease Following Viral Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature. Vaccines2023, 11, 1574.
Armeni, A.K.; Markantes, G.Κ.; Stathopoulou, A.; Saltiki, K.; Zampakis, P.; Assimakopoulos, S.F.; Michalaki, M.A. Thyroid Eye Disease as Initial Manifestation of Graves’ Disease Following Viral Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature. Vaccines 2023, 11, 1574.
Armeni, A.K.; Markantes, G.Κ.; Stathopoulou, A.; Saltiki, K.; Zampakis, P.; Assimakopoulos, S.F.; Michalaki, M.A. Thyroid Eye Disease as Initial Manifestation of Graves’ Disease Following Viral Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature. Vaccines2023, 11, 1574.
Armeni, A.K.; Markantes, G.Κ.; Stathopoulou, A.; Saltiki, K.; Zampakis, P.; Assimakopoulos, S.F.; Michalaki, M.A. Thyroid Eye Disease as Initial Manifestation of Graves’ Disease Following Viral Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature. Vaccines 2023, 11, 1574.
Abstract
COVID-19, a contagious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, emerged in 2019 and quickly became a pandemic, infecting more than 700 million people worldwide. The disease incidence, morbidity and mortality rates have started to decline since the development of effective vaccines against the virus and the widespread immunization of the population. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are associated with minor local or systemic adverse reactions, while serious adverse effects are rare. Thyroid-related disorders have been reported after vaccination for COVID-19, and Graves’ disease (GD) is the second most common amongst them. Thyroid eye disease (TED), an extrathyroidal manifestation of GD is rarely observed post COVID-19 vaccination. All TED cases followed mRNA-based vaccinations, but two new onset mild TED cases post viral vector vaccine (ChAdox1nCoV-19) have also been reported. We report the case of a 63-year-old woman who presented with new onset hyperthyroidism and moderate-to-severe and active TED ten days after she received the first dose of a viral vector vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. This is the first case of moderate-to-severe TED after such a vaccine. Our patient was initially treated with intravenous glucocorticoids and subsequently with intravenous rituximab, due to no response. The disease was rendered inactive after rituximab, but constant diplopia persisted, and the patient was referred for rehabilitative surgery.
Medicine and Pharmacology, Endocrinology and Metabolism
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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