González-de la Torre, H.; González-Artero, P.N.; Muñoz de León-Ortega, D.; Lancha-de la Cruz, M.R.; Verdú-Soriano, J. Cultural Adaptation, Validation and Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of an Obstetric Violence Scale in the Spanish Context. Nurs. Rep.2023, 13, 1368-1387.
González-de la Torre, H.; González-Artero, P.N.; Muñoz de León-Ortega, D.; Lancha-de la Cruz, M.R.; Verdú-Soriano, J. Cultural Adaptation, Validation and Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of an Obstetric Violence Scale in the Spanish Context. Nurs. Rep. 2023, 13, 1368-1387.
González-de la Torre, H.; González-Artero, P.N.; Muñoz de León-Ortega, D.; Lancha-de la Cruz, M.R.; Verdú-Soriano, J. Cultural Adaptation, Validation and Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of an Obstetric Violence Scale in the Spanish Context. Nurs. Rep.2023, 13, 1368-1387.
González-de la Torre, H.; González-Artero, P.N.; Muñoz de León-Ortega, D.; Lancha-de la Cruz, M.R.; Verdú-Soriano, J. Cultural Adaptation, Validation and Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of an Obstetric Violence Scale in the Spanish Context. Nurs. Rep. 2023, 13, 1368-1387.
Abstract
Obstetric Violence refers to dehumanized or derogative treatment of women in their pregnancy, childbirth or postpartum periods and may be manifested through the attitudes of health professionals or the performance of unjustified or outdated practices without maternal consent. Currently, there is no tool validated in Spain to measure women’s perception of obstetric violence. The objective of this study was to carry out the cultural adaption and validation of an existing 14-item Obstetric Violence Scale to the Spanish context, and to evaluate its psychometric properties. The research was conducted in two phases: first, a methodological study designed to evaluate content validity, through assessments by 8 experts (calculating the Aiken V coefficient) and face validity in a sample of 20 women; second, a cross-sectional study to evaluate construct validity (through confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch analysis), divergent validity against a scale of birth satisfaction, known groups validity and reliability. In Phase 1, Aiken V values higher than 0.71 were obtained for all items. Phase 2 was conducted on a sample of 256 women and the fit values for the unidimensional model were RMSEA: 0.070 [95%CI: 0.059-0.105] and GFI: 0.982 [95%CI: 0.823-0.990]. The Rasch analysis indicated poor performance of item 2, which was removed. The Omega and Cronbach's Alpha coefficients were 0.863 and 0.860, respectively. A final 13-item version of the Obstetric Violence scale was produced, with total score ranging from 0 (no obstetric violence perception) to 52 (maximum obstetric violence perception). The Obstetric Violence Scale is a reliable and useful tool to measure women's perception of obstetric violence.
Keywords
obstetrics labor; obstetric violence; surveys and questionnaires; validation Studies as topic
Subject
Public Health and Healthcare, Nursing
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
