Comparison between Neutralization Capacity of Antibodies Elicited by COVID-19 Natural Infection and Vaccination in Indonesia: A Prospective Cohort

Version 1 : Received: 5 August 2023 / Approved: 7 August 2023 / Online: 7 August 2023 (07:10:01 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 7 August 2023 / Approved: 8 August 2023 / Online: 8 August 2023 (07:11:22 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Nurisyah, S.; Iyori, M.; Hasyim, A.A.; Sakamoto, A.; Hashimoto, H.; Yamagata, K.; Yamauchi, S.; Amru, K.; Zainal, K.H.; Idris, I.; Yoshida, S.; Djaharuddin, I.; Syafruddin, D.; Bukhari, A.; Asih, P.B.S.; Yusuf, Y. Comparison between Neutralization Capacity of Antibodies Elicited by COVID-19 Natural Infection and Vaccination in Indonesia: A Prospective Cohort. Antibodies 2023, 12, 60. Nurisyah, S.; Iyori, M.; Hasyim, A.A.; Sakamoto, A.; Hashimoto, H.; Yamagata, K.; Yamauchi, S.; Amru, K.; Zainal, K.H.; Idris, I.; Yoshida, S.; Djaharuddin, I.; Syafruddin, D.; Bukhari, A.; Asih, P.B.S.; Yusuf, Y. Comparison between Neutralization Capacity of Antibodies Elicited by COVID-19 Natural Infection and Vaccination in Indonesia: A Prospective Cohort. Antibodies 2023, 12, 60.

Abstract

(1) Background: To fight for COVID-19 pandemic, immunity against SARS-CoV-2 should be achieved not only through natural infection but also vaccination. Controversies exist about the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on previously infected persons; (2) Methods: A prospective cohort was undergone to collect sera from unvaccinated survivors and vaccinated persons--with and without COVID-19 pre-infection. The sera were analyzed for the anti-Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) titers by ELISA and for the capacity to neutralize the pseudovirus of the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain by luciferase assays; (3) Results; Neither the antibody titers nor the neutralization capacity was significantly different between the three groups. However, the correlation between the antibody titers and the percentage of viral neutralization derived from sera of unvaccinated survivors was higher than that from vaccinated persons with pre-infection (Spearman correlation coefficient (r) = -0.8558; 95% CI, -0.9259 to -0.7288), p <0.0001 vs -0. 581; 95% CI, -0.7679 to -0.3028; p = 0.0002, respectively), indicating the capacity to neutralize the virus is better among the unvaccinated individuals. (4) Conclusions: Vaccines induced anti-RBD titers as high as the natural infection with lower neutralization capacity, and it did not boost the immunity in pre-infected persons.

Keywords

COVID-19; Receptor binding domain (RBD); natural infection; vaccination; neutralizing antibodies

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Comment 1

Received: 8 August 2023
Commenter: Yenni Yusuf
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author

Comment: Revisions of affiliations of some authors and
a change in the model of lines of significance in Figure 1A (no change in the data)

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