Phylogeographic Description of Histoplasma capsulatum, United States

Bagal, U.R.; Gade, L.; Benedict, K.; Howell, V.; Christophe, N.; Gibbons-Burgener, S.; Hallyburton, S.; Ireland, M.; McCracken, S.; Metobo, A.K.; Signs, K.; Warren, K.A.; Litvintseva, A.P.; Chow, N.A. A Phylogeographic Description of Histoplasma Capsulatum in the United States. J. Fungi 2023, 9, 884. Bagal, U.R.; Gade, L.; Benedict, K.; Howell, V.; Christophe, N.; Gibbons-Burgener, S.; Hallyburton, S.; Ireland, M.; McCracken, S.; Metobo, A.K.; Signs, K.; Warren, K.A.; Litvintseva, A.P.; Chow, N.A. A Phylogeographic Description of Histoplasma Capsulatum in the United States. J. Fungi 2023, 9, 884.

Abstract

Histoplasmosis is one of the most underdiagnosed and underreported endemic mycoses in the United States. Histoplasma capsulatum is the causative agent of this disease. To date, molecular epidemiologic studies detailing the phylogeographic structure of H. capsulatum in the United States have been limited. We conducted genomic sequencing using isolates from histoplasmosis cases reported in the United States. We identified North American Clade 2 (NAm2) as the most prevalent clade in the country. Despite high intra-clade diversity, isolates from Minnesota and Michigan cases predominately clustered by state. Future work incorporating environmental sampling and veterinary surveillance may further elucidate the molecular epidemiology of H. capsulatum in the United States and how genomic sequencing can be applied for surveillance and outbreak investigation of histoplasmosis.

Keywords

Histoplasmosis; Histoplasma capsulatum; genome; clades; genomic; epidemiology

Subject

Public Health and Healthcare, Public Health and Health Services

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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