Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Relationship between Duffy Genotype/Phenotype and Prevalence of Plasmodium vivax Infestation: A Systematic Review

Yelson Alejandro Picón-Jaimes
ORCID logo ,
Ivan David Lozada-Martinez
,
Javier Esteban Orozco-Chinome
,
Jessica Molina-Franky
,
Domenica Acevedo-Lopez
ORCID logo ,
Nicole Acevedo-Lopez
,
Maria Paz Bolaño-Romero
,
Fabriccio Visconti-Lopez
ORCID logo ,
D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana
* ORCID logo ,
Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
Version 1 : Received: 13 July 2023 / Approved: 14 July 2023 / Online: 14 July 2023 (13:01:06 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Picón-Jaimes, Y.A.; Lozada-Martinez, I.D.; Orozco-Chinome, J.E.; Molina-Franky, J.; Acevedo-Lopez, D.; Acevedo-Lopez, N.; Bolaño-Romero, M.P.; Visconti-Lopez, F.J.; Bonilla-Aldana, D.K.; Rodriguez-Morales, A.J. Relationship between Duffy Genotype/Phenotype and Prevalence of Plasmodium vivax Infection: A Systematic Review. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2023, 8, 463. Picón-Jaimes, Y.A.; Lozada-Martinez, I.D.; Orozco-Chinome, J.E.; Molina-Franky, J.; Acevedo-Lopez, D.; Acevedo-Lopez, N.; Bolaño-Romero, M.P.; Visconti-Lopez, F.J.; Bonilla-Aldana, D.K.; Rodriguez-Morales, A.J. Relationship between Duffy Genotype/Phenotype and Prevalence of Plasmodium vivax Infection: A Systematic Review. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2023, 8, 463.

Abstract

The Duffy protein, a transmembrane molecule, functions as a receptor for various chemokines and facilitates attachment between the reticulocyte and the Plasmodium Duffy antigen-binding protein. Duffy expression correlates with the Duffy receptor gene for the chemokine, located on chromosome 1, and exhibits geographical variability worldwide. Traditionally, researchers have described the Duffy negative genotype as a protective factor against phenotypic malaria expression. However, recent studies suggest this microorganism's evolution potentially diminishes this protective effect. Nevertheless, there is currently insufficient global data to demonstrate this phenomenon. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the Duffy genotype/phenotype and the prevalence of Plasmodium vivax infection. The protocol for the systematic review was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42022353427 and involved reviewing published studies from 2012 to 2022. Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Scielo databases were consulted. Assessments of study quality were conducted using the STROBE and GRADE tools. A total of 34 studies were included, with Africa accounting for most recorded studies. The results varied significantly regarding the relationship between the Duffy genotype/phenotype and Plasmodium vivax invasion. Some studies predominantly featured the negative Duffy genotype yet reported no malaria cases. Other studies identified minor percentages of infections. Conversely, certain studies observed a higher prevalence (99%) of Duffy-negative individuals infected with Plasmodium vivax. In conclusion, no evidence of a gender-specific distribution of malaria between Duffy-negative men and women was found. However, evidence supports that the homozygous Duffy genotype positive for the A allele (FY*A/*A) is associated with a higher incidence of Plasmodium infection. Furthermore, the negative Duffy genotype does not confer protection against this disease.

Keywords

Plasmodium vivax; Duffy Blood-Group System; Vivax malaria; Plasmodium Duffy antigen binding protein; prevalence

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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