Version 1
: Received: 24 June 2023 / Approved: 25 June 2023 / Online: 25 June 2023 (05:15:40 CEST)
How to cite:
Carmassi, C.; Pini, S.; Martelli, M.; Fantasia, S.; Calvaruso, M.; Castellani, L.; Pedrinelli, V.; Bertelloni, C.A.; Dell’Osso, L. Post-traumatic Stress and Depressive Sequelae in ICU Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients 6 Months after Discharge: A Comparison with Non-COVID ICU Patients. Preprints2023, 2023061717. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.1717.v1
Carmassi, C.; Pini, S.; Martelli, M.; Fantasia, S.; Calvaruso, M.; Castellani, L.; Pedrinelli, V.; Bertelloni, C.A.; Dell’Osso, L. Post-traumatic Stress and Depressive Sequelae in ICU Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients 6 Months after Discharge: A Comparison with Non-COVID ICU Patients. Preprints 2023, 2023061717. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.1717.v1
Carmassi, C.; Pini, S.; Martelli, M.; Fantasia, S.; Calvaruso, M.; Castellani, L.; Pedrinelli, V.; Bertelloni, C.A.; Dell’Osso, L. Post-traumatic Stress and Depressive Sequelae in ICU Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients 6 Months after Discharge: A Comparison with Non-COVID ICU Patients. Preprints2023, 2023061717. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.1717.v1
APA Style
Carmassi, C., Pini, S., Martelli, M., Fantasia, S., Calvaruso, M., Castellani, L., Pedrinelli, V., Bertelloni, C.A., & Dell’Osso, L. (2023). Post-traumatic Stress and Depressive Sequelae in ICU Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients 6 Months after Discharge: A Comparison with Non-COVID ICU Patients. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.1717.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Carmassi, C., Carlo Antonio Bertelloni and Liliana Dell’Osso. 2023 "Post-traumatic Stress and Depressive Sequelae in ICU Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients 6 Months after Discharge: A Comparison with Non-COVID ICU Patients" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.1717.v1
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a major impact on the mental and physical health of hospitalized patients. In our study we focused on the onset of symptoms correlated with Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and physical disabilities in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) because of a severe respiratory distress related to COVID-19 (COVID Group) compared with patients admitted to the same ICU for trauma and other medical conditions than COVID-19 (No-COVID Group). The physical symptoms and the level of disability were evaluated with the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E), the Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI) and the 3 levels version of EQ-5D (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire; psychiatric symptoms were investigated using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised 22-item (IES-R), the Patient Health Questionnaire, 9-Item Version (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment, 7-items version (GAD-7). These questionnaires were administered 6 months after discharge. Patients in the No-COVID Group showed statistically significant more severe scores in all the physical assessments while similar relevant PTSD and depressive symptoms were reported in both groups. The results of the present study underline the psychopathological impact of being hospitalized in ICU because of COVID-19 even after 6 months from discharge ,suggesting the importance of assessing the psychiatric effects of COVID-19 in the long term in order to create supportive measures.
Medicine and Pharmacology, Psychiatry and Mental Health
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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