Version 1
: Received: 5 June 2023 / Approved: 6 June 2023 / Online: 6 June 2023 (11:40:27 CEST)
How to cite:
Zehra, S.; Bibi, M.; Mahmood, A.; Khattak, A.; Asad, M.; Zehra, S. Phenol-Furfural Resin/Graphite/Ag Based Electrically Conductive Adhesive Composites from Waste Bagasse with Enhanced Thermo-Electric Properties. Preprints2023, 2023060450. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.0450.v1
Zehra, S.; Bibi, M.; Mahmood, A.; Khattak, A.; Asad, M.; Zehra, S. Phenol-Furfural Resin/Graphite/Ag Based Electrically Conductive Adhesive Composites from Waste Bagasse with Enhanced Thermo-Electric Properties. Preprints 2023, 2023060450. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.0450.v1
Zehra, S.; Bibi, M.; Mahmood, A.; Khattak, A.; Asad, M.; Zehra, S. Phenol-Furfural Resin/Graphite/Ag Based Electrically Conductive Adhesive Composites from Waste Bagasse with Enhanced Thermo-Electric Properties. Preprints2023, 2023060450. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.0450.v1
APA Style
Zehra, S., Bibi, M., Mahmood, A., Khattak, A., Asad, M., & Zehra, S. (2023). Phenol-Furfural Resin/Graphite/Ag Based Electrically Conductive Adhesive Composites from Waste Bagasse with Enhanced Thermo-Electric Properties. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.0450.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Zehra, S., Muhammad Asad and Syeda Zehra. 2023 "Phenol-Furfural Resin/Graphite/Ag Based Electrically Conductive Adhesive Composites from Waste Bagasse with Enhanced Thermo-Electric Properties" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.0450.v1
Abstract
This study endeavors the preparation and evaluation of Phenol Furfural Resin (PFR) from bagasse and its nanocomposites for Electrically Conductive Adhesives (ECAs) application. PFR was prepared with the furfural extracted from bagasse using modified acid digestion method. Three different formulations of PFR nanocomposites with conductive nanoparticles i.e., PFR-silver, PFR-graphite, and PFR-silver + graphite were prepared using 20-60 w/w% of fillers via impregnation method. Resultant products were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, EDS and XRD spectroscopy. Electrical conductivity was measured using four probe technique while band gap was calculated via Tauc plot. Virgin PFR has shown poor conductivity up to 2.6 × 10-4 Scm-1 while the highest conductivity achieved was 8.2 × 10-1 Scm-1 for nanocomposite constituted silver, graphite, and PFR with 40:30:20 ratios respectively. This synergism was exhibited because graphite and Ag NPs supply excellent junctions for building networks. Both tend to coalesce due to van der Waals forces and high surface energies, therefore conductive pathways numbers can be increased, and contact area can be effectively enlarged. This ternary composite has exhibited the lowest bandgap energy value i.e., 3.1 eV. Thermogravimetric temperatures T0 and Tdeg values were increased up to 120 °C and 484 °C respectively, showing significant increase in thermal stability. Therefore, the resultant nanocomposite material has good potential to be employed as ECAs in electronic industry.
Keywords
silver; green material; biomass; furfural; PFR; conductivity
Subject
Chemistry and Materials Science, Polymers and Plastics
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.