Preprint Article Version 2 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Co-Design/Co-Development and Evaluation of an Online Frailty Check Application for Older Adults: Participatory Action Research with Older Adults

Bo-Kyung Son
* ,
Takahiro Miura
,
Ken-ichiro Yabu
,
Yuka Sumikawa
,
Dongyool Kim
ORCID logo ,
Weida Lyu
,
Yingxue Yang
,
Moeko Tanaka
,
Tomoki Tanaka
,
Yasuyo Yoshizawa
,
Katsuya Iijima
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 11 May 2023 / Approved: 12 May 2023 / Online: 12 May 2023 (03:33:46 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 15 May 2023 / Approved: 16 May 2023 / Online: 16 May 2023 (05:25:59 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Son, B.-K.; Miura, T.; Yabu, K.-I.; Sumikawa, Y.; Kim, D.; Lyu, W.; Yang, Y.; Tanaka, M.; Tanaka, T.; Yoshizawa, Y.; Iijima, K. The Co-Design/Co-Development and Evaluation of an Online Frailty Check Application for Older Adults: Participatory Action Research with Older Adults. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 6101. Son, B.-K.; Miura, T.; Yabu, K.-I.; Sumikawa, Y.; Kim, D.; Lyu, W.; Yang, Y.; Tanaka, M.; Tanaka, T.; Yoshizawa, Y.; Iijima, K. The Co-Design/Co-Development and Evaluation of an Online Frailty Check Application for Older Adults: Participatory Action Research with Older Adults. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 6101.

Abstract

Frailty, an age-related decline in homeostatic reserves, markedly proceeded during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. To continuously assess frailty status, a remote system is urgently required. We aimed to co-design/co-develop an online frailty check (FC) application alongside FC supporters who were facilitators in a pre-existing onsite FC program. The online FC included a screening measurement for sarcopenia and an 11-item questionnaire covering dietary, physical, and social behaviors. Using prototype applications, 55 opinions obtained from 32 FC supporters (median 74.0 years) were categorized and reflected refinement. Regarding the self-efficacy of FC supporters, a significant increase in social positioning was seen after the mock test (P=.031). For FC supporters and participants, the average system usability scale (SUS) score was 70.2±10.3 points, which was “marginally high” for acceptability and “good” for the adjective range. Multiple regression analysis showed that the SUS score was significantly correlated with online-onsite reliability but not online communication, even after adjusting by age, sex, education level, and ICT proficiency (b=0.400, 95% CI: 0.243-1.951, P=.013). Additionally, a significant association between onsite and online FC scores was observed (R=0.670, P=.001). Our online FC application was evaluated to be a valuable tool to practically assess frailty status remotely.

Keywords

online frailty check application; older adults; co-design; co-development; reliability; participatory action research

Subject

Public Health and Healthcare, Public Health and Health Services

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Comments (1)

Comment 1
Received: 16 May 2023
Commenter: Bo-Kyung Son
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author
Comment: I corrected the section of author contributions exactly by adding the name of Katsuya Iijima in project administration.
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