Version 1
: Received: 10 May 2023 / Approved: 11 May 2023 / Online: 11 May 2023 (04:53:34 CEST)
How to cite:
Aresta, A.M.; Cotugno, P.; Pierri, C.L.; Trisolini, L.; Zambonin, C. Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Antioxidant Bioactive Components from Apple Peels and Their Modulation of Complex I Activity in Isolated Mitochondria. Preprints2023, 2023050788. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202305.0788.v1
Aresta, A.M.; Cotugno, P.; Pierri, C.L.; Trisolini, L.; Zambonin, C. Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Antioxidant Bioactive Components from Apple Peels and Their Modulation of Complex I Activity in Isolated Mitochondria. Preprints 2023, 2023050788. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202305.0788.v1
Aresta, A.M.; Cotugno, P.; Pierri, C.L.; Trisolini, L.; Zambonin, C. Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Antioxidant Bioactive Components from Apple Peels and Their Modulation of Complex I Activity in Isolated Mitochondria. Preprints2023, 2023050788. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202305.0788.v1
APA Style
Aresta, A.M., Cotugno, P., Pierri, C.L., Trisolini, L., & Zambonin, C. (2023). Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Extraction of Antioxidant Bioactive Components from Apple Peels and Their Modulation of Complex I Activity in Isolated Mitochondria. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202305.0788.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Aresta, A.M., Luisa Trisolini and Carlo Zambonin. 2023 "Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Extraction of Antioxidant Bioactive Components from Apple Peels and Their Modulation of Complex I Activity in Isolated Mitochondria" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202305.0788.v1
Abstract
This study aimed to extract bioactive compounds from apple (Malus domestica) peel waste using supercritical CO2 extraction. The bioactive fractions from apple peels from the three Italian cultivars were extracted applying a temperature of 60 °C and a pressure of 250 bar for 15 min. 20% ethanol was used as a co-solvent. The extraction process was carried out at a flow rate of 2 mL/min and their total polyphenol (TP), anthocyanin (TA), ascorbic acid (AA), and antioxidant activity contents (TAC) were measured. The extracts from the Stark cultivar had the highest levels of polyphenols, anthocyanins, and ascorbic acid, while the Royal Gala cultivar had the highest total antioxidant activity. Chromatographic analyses were also performed to characterize polyphenols. The extracts were then tested for their effect on the mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I) activity on mitochondria isolated from human embryonic kidney cells (HEK239) cells, with the Stark extracts showing the most positive response in terms of NADH oxidation. These findings highlight the potential of apple peel waste as a source of functional phytocompounds and suggest the Stark cultivar extracts may have pharmacological applications. This study supports the circular bioeconomy by promoting the use of waste products as a valuable resource.
Keywords
SFE; UHPLC; apple peels; bioactive compounds; in vitro activity
Subject
Chemistry and Materials Science, Food Chemistry
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
