Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Motor Cortical Correlates of Paired Associative Stimulation Induced Plasticity: A TMS-EEG Study

Matteo Costanzo
,
Giorgio Leodori
ORCID logo ,
Carolina Cutrona
,
Francesco Marchet
,
Maria Ilenia De Bartolo
ORCID logo ,
Marco Mancuso
,
Daniele Belvisi
,
Antonella Conte
ORCID logo ,
Alfredo Berardelli
,
Giovanni Fabbrini
*
Version 1 : Received: 8 May 2023 / Approved: 9 May 2023 / Online: 9 May 2023 (12:47:48 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Costanzo, M.; Leodori, G.; Cutrona, C.; Marchet, F.; De Bartolo, M.I.; Mancuso, M.; Belvisi, D.; Conte, A.; Berardelli, A.; Fabbrini, G. Motor Cortical Correlates of Paired Associative Stimulation Induced Plasticity: A TMS-EEG Study. Brain Sci. 2023, 13, 921. Costanzo, M.; Leodori, G.; Cutrona, C.; Marchet, F.; De Bartolo, M.I.; Mancuso, M.; Belvisi, D.; Conte, A.; Berardelli, A.; Fabbrini, G. Motor Cortical Correlates of Paired Associative Stimulation Induced Plasticity: A TMS-EEG Study. Brain Sci. 2023, 13, 921.

Abstract

Paired associative stimulation (PAS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that modulates synaptic plasticity in the human motor cortex (M1). Since previous studies have primarily used motor evoked potentials (MEPs) as outcome measure, cortical correlates of PAS-induced plasticity remain unknown. Therefore, the aim of this observational study was to investigate cortical correlates of a standard PAS induced plasticity in the primary motor cortex by using a combined TMS-EEG approach in a cohort of eighteen healthy subjects. In addition to the expected long-lasting facilitatory modulation of MEPs amplitude, PAS intervention also induced a significant increase in transcranial magnetic stimulation evoked potentials (TEPs) P30 and P60 amplitude. No significant correlation between the magnitude of PAS-induced changes in TEP components and MEP amplitude were observed. However, the linear regression analysis revealed that the combined changes in P30 and P60 component amplitudes significantly predicted the MEP facilitation after PAS. The findings of our study offer novel insight into the neurophysiological changes associated with PAS-induced plasticity at M1 cortical level and suggest a complex relationship between TEPs and MEPs changes following PAS.

Keywords

transcranial magnetic stimulation; paired associative stimulation; PAS; cortical plasticity; cortical correlates; TMS-EEG; TMS-Evoked potentials; TEPs; sensorimotor integration

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Neurology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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