Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Using EfficientNet-B7 (CNN), Variational Auto Encoder (VAE) and Siamese Twins’ Networks to Evaluate Human Exercises as Super Objects in a TSSCI Images

Version 1 : Received: 30 April 2023 / Approved: 30 April 2023 / Online: 30 April 2023 (07:10:50 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Segal, Y.; Hadar, O.; Lhotska, L. Using EfficientNet-B7 (CNN), Variational Auto Encoder (VAE) and Siamese Twins’ Networks to Evaluate Human Exercises as Super Objects in A TSSCI Images. J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13, 874. Segal, Y.; Hadar, O.; Lhotska, L. Using EfficientNet-B7 (CNN), Variational Auto Encoder (VAE) and Siamese Twins’ Networks to Evaluate Human Exercises as Super Objects in A TSSCI Images. J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13, 874.

Abstract

In this article, we introduce a new approach to human movement by defining the movement as a static object or a super object in one two-dimensional image. This method can allow researchers to label and describe the total movement as an object isolated from a reference video. This ap-proach allows us to perform various tasks, including finding similar movements in a video, measuring, and comparing movements, generating new similar movements, and defining chore-ography by controlling specific parameters in the human body skeleton. As a result of the pre-sented approach, we can eliminate the need to label images manually, disregard the problem of finding the beginning and the end of a movement, overcome synchronization issues between movements, and perform any deep learning network-based operation that processes super objects in images in general. As part of this article, we will demonstrate two application use cases: one il-lustrates how to verify and score a requested movement. In contrast, the other illustrates how to generate similar movements in the human skeleton space by addressing the challenge of supply-ing sufficient training data for deep learning applications (DL). A Variational Auto Encoder (VAE) simulator and an EfficientNet-B7 classifier architecture embedded within a Siamese twin neural network are presented in this paper in order to demonstrate two use cases. These use cases demonstrated the versatility of our innovative concept in measuring, categorizing, inferring hu-man behavior, and generating gestures for other researchers.

Keywords

Keywords: OpenPose (OP); MediaPipe (MP); Rehabilitation; Tree Structure Skeleton Image (TSSI); Tree Structure Skeleton Color Image (TSSCI); Variational Auto Encoder (VAE); Siamese twins Neural Network; Simulator; Human body movements

Subject

Public Health and Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation

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