Version 1
: Received: 7 April 2023 / Approved: 10 April 2023 / Online: 10 April 2023 (03:27:14 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 4 May 2023 / Approved: 5 May 2023 / Online: 5 May 2023 (05:01:46 CEST)
Rybalko, A.; Myslenkov, S.; Badulin, S. Wave Buoy Measurements at Short Fetches in the Black Sea Nearshore: Mixed Sea and Energy Fluxes. Water2023, 15, 1834.
Rybalko, A.; Myslenkov, S.; Badulin, S. Wave Buoy Measurements at Short Fetches in the Black Sea Nearshore: Mixed Sea and Energy Fluxes. Water 2023, 15, 1834.
Rybalko, A.; Myslenkov, S.; Badulin, S. Wave Buoy Measurements at Short Fetches in the Black Sea Nearshore: Mixed Sea and Energy Fluxes. Water2023, 15, 1834.
Rybalko, A.; Myslenkov, S.; Badulin, S. Wave Buoy Measurements at Short Fetches in the Black Sea Nearshore: Mixed Sea and Energy Fluxes. Water 2023, 15, 1834.
Abstract
Wave buoy measurements were carried out near the north-eastern Black Sea coast at the natural reserve Utrish in 2020-2021. In total, about 11 months of data records were collected during two stages of the experiment at 600 and 1500 meters offshore and depths of 18 and 42 meters. The measured waves propagate almost exclusively from the seaward directions. Generally, the waves do not follow the local wind directions, thus, implying a mixed sea state. Nevertheless, dimensionless wave heights and periods appears to be quite close to the previously established empirical laws for the wind-driven seas. The results of the wave turbulence theory are applied for estimates of spectral energy fluxes and their correspondence to the energy flux from the turbulent wind pulsations. These estimates are consistent with today's understanding of wind-wave interaction. It is shown that the main fraction of the wind energy flux goes to the direct Kolmogorov-Zakharov cascade to high wave frequencies and then to dissipation in small scales. Less than 1% of the wind energy flux is directed to low frequency band (the so-called inverse Kolmogorov-Zakharov cascade), thus, providing wave energy growth.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received:
5 May 2023
Commenter:
Aleksandra Rybalko
Commenter's Conflict of Interests:
Author
Comment: The authors extended Introduction and Discussion & Conclusions sections and added some extra items to the list of references. The authors also corrected the Materials and Methods section, paying much attention to the description of the reanalysis data.
Commenter: Aleksandra Rybalko
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author