Trichoderma asperellum Extract Isolated From Brazil Nuts (Bertholletia excelsa. BONPL): In Vivo and In Silico Studies on Melanogenesis in Zebrafish

Adriana Maciel Ferreira; Iracirema da Silva Sena; Jhone Curti; Agerdânio Andrade De Souza; Paulo Cesar dos Santos Lima; Alex Bruno Lobato Rodrigues; Ryan da Silva Ramos; Wandson Braamcamp de Souza Pinheiro; Irlon Maciel Ferreira; José Carlos Tavares Carvalho

doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0151.v1

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preprints.org > medicine and pharmacology > pharmacology and toxicology > doi: 10.20944/preprints202303.0151.v1

Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Trichoderma asperellum Extract Isolated From Brazil Nuts (Bertholletia excelsa. BONPL): In Vivo and In Silico Studies on Melanogenesis in Zebrafish

Adriana Maciel Ferreira

Iracirema da Silva Sena

Jhone Curti

Agerdânio Andrade De Souza

Paulo Cesar dos Santos Lima

Alex Bruno Lobato Rodrigues

Ryan da Silva Ramos

Wandson Braamcamp de Souza Pinheiro

Irlon Maciel Ferreira

José Carlos Tavares Carvalho

Version 1 : Received: 23 February 2023 / Approved: 8 March 2023 / Online: 8 March 2023 (08:48:58 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Ferreira, A.M.; da Silva Sena, I.; Curti, J.; de Souza, A.A.; dos Santos Lima, P.C.; Rodrigues, A.B.L.; da Silva Ramos, R.; de Souza Pinheiro, W.B.; Ferreira, I.M.; Carvalho, J.C.T. Trichoderma asperellum Extract Isolated from Brazil Nuts (Bertholletia excelsa BONPL): In Vivo and In Silico Studies on Melanogenesis in Zebrafish. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 1089. Ferreira, A.M.; da Silva Sena, I.; Curti, J.; de Souza, A.A.; dos Santos Lima, P.C.; Rodrigues, A.B.L.; da Silva Ramos, R.; de Souza Pinheiro, W.B.; Ferreira, I.M.; Carvalho, J.C.T. Trichoderma asperellum Extract Isolated from Brazil Nuts (Bertholletia excelsa BONPL): In Vivo and In Silico Studies on Melanogenesis in Zebrafish. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 1089.

Abstract

Endophytic fungi are those that present part of their life cycle in healthy tissues of different plant hosts in symbiosis without causing harm. At the same time, fungus-plant symbiosis makes it possible for microorganisms to synthesize their own bioactive secondary metabolites while in stationary stage. Such microorganism-derived secondary metabolites contribute. Therefore, this work aimed to. To accomplish this, the endophytic fungus Trichoderma asperellum was isolated from Bertholletia excelsa (Brazil nut) almonds. The fungus was cultivated and extracted with ethyl acetate, obtaining AM07Ac. Then, using HPTLC (High-performance thin-layer chromatography) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), β-amyrin, kaempferol, and brucine were identified as major compounds. Further in vivo assays in Zebrafish demonstrated the activity of AM07Ac on melanogenesis by producing a concentration-response inhibitory effect, which, through an in silico study, proved to be related to the noted major compounds known to inhibit tyrosinase activity. The inhibition of tyrosinase prevents melanin accumulation in skin. Therefore, these results imply the importance of investigating microorganisms and their pharmacological activities, in particular the endophytic fungus Trichoderma asperellum as a generator of active metabolites for melanogenesis modulation.

Keywords

Amazon fungi; Fungus extract; Trichoderma asperellum; Melanogenesis; Zebrafish

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Pharmacology and Toxicology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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