Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Experimental Lung Inflammation Induced by Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 is Controlled by Intranasal Instillation of Vitamin D

William Danilo Fernandes de Souza
* ,
Sofia Fernanda Gonçalves Zorzella-Pezavento
,
Marina Caçador Ayupe
,
Caio Loureiro Salgado
,
Bernardo de Castro Oliveira
,
Francielly Moreira
,
Guilherme William da Silva
,
Stefanie Primon Muraro
ORCID logo ,
Gabriela Fabiano de Souza
,
José Luiz Proença-Módena
ORCID logo ,
Joao Pessoa Araujo-Junior
ORCID logo ,
Denise Fonseca
* ,
Alexandrina Sartori
Version 1 : Received: 26 January 2023 / Approved: 31 January 2023 / Online: 31 January 2023 (12:04:19 CET)

How to cite: Souza, W.D.F.D.; Zorzella-Pezavento, S.F.G.; Ayupe, M.C.; Salgado, C.L.; Oliveira, B.D.C.; Moreira, F.; Silva, G.W.D.; Muraro, S.P.; Souza, G.F.D.; Proença-Módena, J.L.; Araujo-Junior, J.P.; Fonseca, D.; Sartori, A. Experimental Lung Inflammation Induced by Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 is Controlled by Intranasal Instillation of Vitamin D. Preprints 2023, 2023010586. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0586.v1 Souza, W.D.F.D.; Zorzella-Pezavento, S.F.G.; Ayupe, M.C.; Salgado, C.L.; Oliveira, B.D.C.; Moreira, F.; Silva, G.W.D.; Muraro, S.P.; Souza, G.F.D.; Proença-Módena, J.L.; Araujo-Junior, J.P.; Fonseca, D.; Sartori, A. Experimental Lung Inflammation Induced by Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 is Controlled by Intranasal Instillation of Vitamin D. Preprints 2023, 2023010586. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0586.v1

Abstract

COVID-19 is a pandemic triggered by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 whose peak occurred in the years 2020 and 2021. The main target of the virus is the lung and infection is associated to an accentuated inflammatory process involving mainly the innate arm of the immune system. Here, we described the induction of a pulmonary inflammatory process triggered by the intranasal (IN) instillation of UV-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 in C57BL/6 mice and then the evaluation of vitamin D (VitD) ability to control this process. The assays used to estimate the severity of lung involvement included total and differential number of cells in the BALF, histopathological analysis, quantification of T cell subsets and inflammatory mediators by RT-PCR, cytokine quantification in lung homogenates and flow cytometric analysis of cells recovered from lung parenchyma. IN instillation of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 triggered a pulmonary inflammatory process, consisting of various cell types and mediators, resembling the typical inflammation found in COVID-19 patients. This inflammatory process was significantly decreased by IN delivery of vitD, but not by its IP administration, suggesting that this hormone has therapeutic potential in COVID-19 if locally applied.

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; lung; inflammation; mice; vitamin D

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Virology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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