Review
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Trained Immunity as a Prospective Tool against Emerging Respiratory Pathogens
Version 1
: Received: 29 August 2022 / Approved: 30 August 2022 / Online: 30 August 2022 (03:55:12 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Joseph, J. Trained Immunity as a Prospective Tool against Emerging Respiratory Pathogens. Vaccines 2022, 10, 1932. Joseph, J. Trained Immunity as a Prospective Tool against Emerging Respiratory Pathogens. Vaccines 2022, 10, 1932.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the vulnerability of current vaccine technologies characterized by a slow onset of action and antigen-specific immune response. Although parental vaccines offer long-term protection against homologous strains, they rely exclusively on adaptive immune memory to produce neutralizing antibodies that are ineffective against new vaccine variants. Moreover, growing evidence highlights the multifaceted functions of trained immunity to elicit a rapid and enhanced innate response against unrelated stimuli or pathogens to subsequent triggers. This review discusses the protective role of trained immunity against respiratory pathogens and the experimental models essential for evaluating novel inducers of trained immunity. We further elaborate on the potential of trained immunity to leverage protection against emerging pathogens via recognition of diverse antigens by pathogen recognition receptors (PPRs) on innate immune cells. We also propose integrating trained- with adaptive- immunity to shape next-generation vaccines by coupling each one's unique characteristics.
Keywords
Trained immunity; innate immune memory; respiratory pathogens; BCG; next-generation vac-cines; COVID-19
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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