Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Measurement of Serum Paraoxonase-1 Arylesterase Activity as a Screening Test for the Diagnosis of COVID-19

Xavier Gabaldó
ORCID logo ,
Màrius Juanpere
,
Helena Castañé
,
Elisabet Rodríguez-Tomàs
,
Ana Felisa López-Azcona
,
Gerard Baiges-Gaya
,
Lourdes Castro
,
Enrique Valverde-Díaz
,
Aida Muñoz-Blázquez
ORCID logo ,
Laura Giménez-Cuenca
,
Laura Felipo-Balada
,
Frederic Ballester
,
Isabel Pujol
,
Josep M Simó
ORCID logo ,
Antoni Castro
,
Simona Iftimie
* ,
Jordi Camps
* ,
Jorge Joven
Version 1 : Received: 15 June 2022 / Approved: 16 June 2022 / Online: 16 June 2022 (09:13:11 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Gabaldó, X.; Juanpere, M.; Castañé, H.; Rodríguez-Tomàs, E.; López-Azcona, A.F.; Baiges-Gaya, G.; Castro, L.; Valverde-Díaz, E.; Muñoz-Blázquez, A.; Giménez-Cuenca, L.; Felipo-Balada, L.; Ballester, F.; Pujol, I.; Simó, J.M.; Castro, A.; Iftimie, S.; Camps, J.; Joven, J. Usefulness of the Measurement of Serum Paraoxonase-1 Arylesterase Activity in the Diagnoses of COVID-19. Biomolecules 2022, 12, 879. Gabaldó, X.; Juanpere, M.; Castañé, H.; Rodríguez-Tomàs, E.; López-Azcona, A.F.; Baiges-Gaya, G.; Castro, L.; Valverde-Díaz, E.; Muñoz-Blázquez, A.; Giménez-Cuenca, L.; Felipo-Balada, L.; Ballester, F.; Pujol, I.; Simó, J.M.; Castro, A.; Iftimie, S.; Camps, J.; Joven, J. Usefulness of the Measurement of Serum Paraoxonase-1 Arylesterase Activity in the Diagnoses of COVID-19. Biomolecules 2022, 12, 879.

Abstract

The development of inexpensive, fast and reliable screening tests for COVID-19 is, as yet, an unmet need. The present study was aimed at evaluating the usefulness of serum arylesterase activity of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) measurement as a screening test in patients with different severity levels of COVID-19 infection. We included 615 COVID-19 positive patients who were classified as asymptomatic, mildly symptomatic, severely symptomatic, or fatally symptomatic. Results were compared with 50 healthy volunteers, 330 patients with cancer and 343 with morbid obesity. Results showed PON1 activity greatly decreased in COVID-19 compared to healthy vol-unteers; receiver operating characteristics plot showed a high diagnostic accuracy. The degree of COVID-19 severity did not influence PON1 levels. Our results indicated that PON1 determination was efficient for disease diagnosis but not for prognosis. Further, patients with obesity or cancer presented alterations similar to those of COVID-19 patients. As such, elevated levels of PON1 in-dicate the absence of COVID-19, but low levels may be present in various other chronic diseases. The assay is fast and inexpensive. We suggest that PON1 measurement could be used as an initial, high cut-off point screening method, while lower values should be confirmed with the more ex-pensive nucleic acid amplification test.

Keywords

biomarkers; COVID-19; paraoxonase-1; SARS-CoV-2

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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