Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Ancient Agricultural and Pastoral Landscapes on the South Side of Lake Issyk-Kul: Preliminary Surveys of the Juuku Valley and Lower Kizil Suu Valley, Archaeobotanical Results of Three Stratigraphic Profiles, and GIS Modeling of Iron Age in Lower Kizil Suu

Claudia . Chang
* ORCID logo ,
Sergeo Sergievich Ivanov
,
Perry Alan Tourtellotte
,
Robert N. Spengler III
,
Basira Mir-Makhamad
,
David Kramar
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 15 May 2022 / Approved: 17 May 2022 / Online: 17 May 2022 (03:29:22 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Chang, C.; Ivanov, S.S.; Tourtellotte, P.A.; Spengler, R.N., III; Mir-Makhamad, B.; Kramar, D. Ancient Agricultural and Pastoral Landscapes on the South Side of Lake Issyk-Kul: Long-Term Diachronic Analysis of Changing Patterns of Land Use, Climate Change, and Ritual Use in the Juuku and Kizil Suu Valleys. Land 2022, 11, 902. Chang, C.; Ivanov, S.S.; Tourtellotte, P.A.; Spengler, R.N., III; Mir-Makhamad, B.; Kramar, D. Ancient Agricultural and Pastoral Landscapes on the South Side of Lake Issyk-Kul: Long-Term Diachronic Analysis of Changing Patterns of Land Use, Climate Change, and Ritual Use in the Juuku and Kizil Suu Valleys. Land 2022, 11, 902.

Abstract

The main goal of this paper is to present results of preliminary archaeological research on the south side of Lake Issyk-Kul in Kyrgyzstan. We test the hypothesis that agropastoral land use changed over four millennia from the Bronze Age through the ethnographic Kirghiz period due to economic, socio-political, and religious changes in the prehistoric and historic societies of this region. Our research objectives are to: (1) describe and analyze survey results from Lower Kizil Suu Valley; (2) discuss the results of radiometric and archaeobotanical samples taken from three stratigraphic profiles from three settlements from the Juuku Valley, including these chronological periods: the Wusun period (200 to 400 CE), the Qarakhanid period (1100 to 1200 CE), and the ethnographic Kirghiz period (1700 to 1900 CE); and (3) conduct preliminary GIS spatial analyses on the Iron Age mortuary remains (Saka and Wusun period). This research emerges out of the first archaeological surveys conducted in 2019 - 2021 and includes the Lower Kizil Suu alluvial fan; it is an initial step toward developing a model for agropastoral land use for upland valleys of the Inner Tian Shan Mountains.

Keywords

archaeological landscapes; Iron Age; Medieval period; agriculture; pastoralism; vertical zonation, Issyk-Kul Lake; archaeobotany; GIS mapping

Subject

Arts and Humanities, Archaeology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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