Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Immunomodulation of Melanoma by Chemo-Thermo-Immuno-Therapy Using Conjugates of Melano-Genesis Substrate NPrCAP and Magnetite Nanoparticles

Yasuaki Tamura
,
Akira Ito
,
Kazumasa Wakamatsu
ORCID logo ,
Takafumi Kamiya
,
Toshihiko Torigoe
ORCID logo ,
Hiroyuki Honda
,
Toshiharu Yamashita
,
Hisashi Uhara
,
Shosuke Ito
ORCID logo ,
Kowichi Jimbow
*
Version 1 : Received: 2 May 2022 / Approved: 5 May 2022 / Online: 5 May 2022 (12:23:27 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Tamura, Y.; Ito, A.; Wakamatsu, K.; Kamiya, T.; Torigoe, T.; Honda, H.; Yamashita, T.; Uhara, H.; Ito, S.; Jimbow, K. Immunomodulation of Melanoma by Chemo-Thermo-Immunotherapy Using Conjugates of Melanogenesis Substrate NPrCAP and Magnetite Nanoparticles: A Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 6457. Tamura, Y.; Ito, A.; Wakamatsu, K.; Kamiya, T.; Torigoe, T.; Honda, H.; Yamashita, T.; Uhara, H.; Ito, S.; Jimbow, K. Immunomodulation of Melanoma by Chemo-Thermo-Immunotherapy Using Conjugates of Melanogenesis Substrate NPrCAP and Magnetite Nanoparticles: A Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 6457.

Abstract

A major advance of drug discovery and targeted therapy directed to cancer cells may be achieved by exploitation and immunomodulation of their unique biological property. This re-view summarizes our efforts to develop novel chemo-thermo-immuno-therapy (CTI therapy) by conjugating a melanogenesis substrate, N-propionyl cysteaminylphenol (NPrCAP: amine analog of tyrosine), with magnetite nanoparticles (MNP). In our approach, NPrCAP provides a unique drug delivery system (DDS) because of its selective incorporation into melanoma cells. It also functions as a melanoma-targeted therapeutic drug because of its production of highly reactive free radicals (melanoma-targeted chemotherapy). Moreover, utilization of MNP is a platform to develop thermo-immunotherapy because of heat shock protein (HSP) generation upon exposure to an alternating magnetic field (AMF). The feasibility of our approach was successfully shown in experimental in vivo and in vitro mouse melanoma models and in preliminary clinical trials to a limited number of advanced melanoma patients.

Keywords

Melanoma; Chemo-thermo-immuno-therapy; Melanogenesis; Magnetite nanoparticle; Drug delivery system; Heat shock protein; In situ vaccine therapy; Immune checkpoint inhibitor

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Dermatology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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