Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Social Hierarchy Effects on Stress Responses of Subordinate Specimens in Sea Bream (Sparus aurata)

Maria Dioguardi
,
Mirella Vazzana
ORCID logo ,
Mariano Dara
,
Irene Vazzana
,
Davide Accardi
,
Pierluigi Carbonara
ORCID logo ,
Sébastien Alfonso
ORCID logo ,
Matteo Cammarata
*
Version 1 : Received: 29 October 2021 / Approved: 4 November 2021 / Online: 4 November 2021 (08:44:54 CET)

How to cite: Dioguardi, M.; Vazzana, M.; Dara, M.; Vazzana, I.; Accardi, D.; Carbonara, P.; Alfonso, S.; Cammarata, M. Social Hierarchy Effects on Stress Responses of Subordinate Specimens in Sea Bream (Sparus aurata). Preprints 2021, 2021110094. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202111.0094.v1 Dioguardi, M.; Vazzana, M.; Dara, M.; Vazzana, I.; Accardi, D.; Carbonara, P.; Alfonso, S.; Cammarata, M. Social Hierarchy Effects on Stress Responses of Subordinate Specimens in Sea Bream (Sparus aurata). Preprints 2021, 2021110094. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202111.0094.v1

Abstract

Abstract: Social stress can affect the ability of the fish to respond to various stressors, such as pathogens or environmental variations. In this paper, the effects of social stress on gilt-head bream (Sparus aurata) were investigated. To study the effects of physiological stress, we evaluated biochemical and cellular parameters as cortisol, glucose, lactate, osmolarity and phagocytosis 24 hours after the establishment of social hierarchy. Social hierarchy was determined and characterised by behavioural observation (aggressive acts and feeding order) of the specimens (dominant “α”, subordinate “β” and “γ”). After the establishment of the social hierarchy, we observed that the levels of plasma cortisol and other biochemical stress markers (glucose and lactate) were higher in subordinate individuals than in dominant ones. In addition, the modulation of phagocytic activity of the peritoneal cavity cells (PEC) demonstrated that social stress appeared to affect the immune response. At last, principal component analysis clearly separated the subordinate fish groups from the dominant groups based on stress markers and phagocytic activity of the peritoneal exudates cells.

Keywords

Sparus aurata; social stress; hierarchy; cortisol; phagocytosis

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Zoology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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