The Roles of the Virome in Cancer

Felix Broecker; Karin Moelling

doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0087.v1

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preprints.org > biology and life sciences > virology > doi: 10.20944/preprints202111.0087.v1

Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

The Roles of the Virome in Cancer

Felix Broecker

^* and

Karin Moelling

Version 1 : Received: 31 October 2021 / Approved: 3 November 2021 / Online: 3 November 2021 (14:30:14 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Broecker, F.; Moelling, K. The Roles of the Virome in Cancer. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 2538. Broecker, F.; Moelling, K. The Roles of the Virome in Cancer. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 2538.

Abstract

Viral infections as well as changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota and virome have been linked to cancer. Moreover, the success of cancer immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors has been correlated with the intestinal microbial composition of patients. The transfer of feces – which contains mainly bacteria and their viruses (phages) – from immunotherapy responders to non-responders, known as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), has been shown to be able convert some non-responders to responders. Since phages may also increase the response to immunotherapy, for example by inducing T cells cross-reacting with cancer antigens, modulating phage populations may provide a new avenue to improve immunotherapy responsiveness. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the human virome and its links to cancer, and discuss the potential utility of bacteriophages in increasing the responder rate for cancer immunotherapy.

Keywords

virome; microbiota; cancer; bacteriophages; fecal microbiota transplantation; checkpoint inhibitors; immunotherapy

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Virology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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