Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Anesthetic Preconditioning of Traumatic Brain Injury is Ineffective in a Drosophila Model of Obesity

Version 1 : Received: 21 October 2021 / Approved: 25 October 2021 / Online: 25 October 2021 (10:28:33 CEST)

How to cite: Johnson-Schlitz, D.; Fischer, J.A.; Schiffman, H.J.; Scharenbrock, A.R.; Olufs, Z..P.G.; Wassarman, D.A.; Perouansky, M. Anesthetic Preconditioning of Traumatic Brain Injury is Ineffective in a Drosophila Model of Obesity. Preprints 2021, 2021100339. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202110.0339.v1 Johnson-Schlitz, D.; Fischer, J.A.; Schiffman, H.J.; Scharenbrock, A.R.; Olufs, Z..P.G.; Wassarman, D.A.; Perouansky, M. Anesthetic Preconditioning of Traumatic Brain Injury is Ineffective in a Drosophila Model of Obesity. Preprints 2021, 2021100339. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202110.0339.v1

Abstract

We tested the hypothesis that obesity influences the pharmacodynamics of volatile general anesthetics (VGAs) by comparing effects of anesthetic exposure on mortality from traumatic brain injury (TBI) in lean and obese Drosophila melanogaster. We induced TBI with a High-Impact Trauma device. Starvation-selection over multiple generations resulted in an obese phenotype (SS flies). Fed flies served as lean controls (FC flies). Adult (1-7 day old) SS and FC flies were exposed to equianesthetic doses of isoflurane or sevoflurane either before or after TBI. The principal outcome was percent mortality 24 hours after injury, expressed as the Mortality Index at 24 hours (MI24). TBI resulted in lower MI24 in FC than in SS flies (21 (2.35) and 57.8 (2.14), respectively n= 12, p=0.0001). Preexposure to isoflurane or sevoflurane preconditioned FC flies to TBI reducing the risk of death to 0.53 [0.25 to 1.13] and 0.82 [0.43 to 1.58], respectively, but had no preconditioning effect in SS flies. Postexposure to isoflurane or sevoflurane increased the risk of death in SS flies. Only postexposure to isoflurane increased the risk in FC flies (1.39 [0.81 to 2.38]). Thus, obesity affects the pharmacodynamics of VGAs, thwarting the preconditioning effect of isoflurane and sevoflurane in TBI.

Keywords

Drosophila melanogaster; TBI; obesity; volatile anesthetics; isoflurane; sevoflurane; preconditioning; mortality; toxicity

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

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