Version 1
: Received: 20 August 2021 / Approved: 23 August 2021 / Online: 23 August 2021 (15:34:21 CEST)
How to cite:
Jones, J.G. Non-invasive Analysis of Human Liver Metabolism by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Preprints2021, 2021080459. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0459.v1
Jones, J.G. Non-invasive Analysis of Human Liver Metabolism by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Preprints 2021, 2021080459. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0459.v1
Jones, J.G. Non-invasive Analysis of Human Liver Metabolism by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Preprints2021, 2021080459. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0459.v1
APA Style
Jones, J.G. (2021). Non-invasive Analysis of Human Liver Metabolism by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0459.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Jones, J.G. 2021 "Non-invasive Analysis of Human Liver Metabolism by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0459.v1
Abstract
The liver is a key node of whole-body nutrient and fuel metabolism and is also the principal site for detoxification of xenobiotic compounds. As such, hepatic metabolite concentrations and/or turnover rates inform the status of both hepatic and systemic metabolic diseases as well as the disposition of medications. As a tool to better understand liver metabolism in these settings, in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) offers a non-invasive means of monitoring hepatic metabolic activity in real time both by direct observation of concentrations and dynamics of specific metabolites as well as by observation of their enrichment by stable isotope tracers. This review summarizes the applications and advances in human liver metabolic studies by in vivo MRS over the past 35 years and discusses future directions and opportunities that will be opened by the development of ultra-high field MR systems and by hyperpolarized stable isotope tracers.
Keywords
in vivo magnetic resonance; liver metabolism; hyperpolarization; stable isotopes
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Internal Medicine
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
