Version 1
: Received: 2 August 2021 / Approved: 3 August 2021 / Online: 3 August 2021 (13:39:11 CEST)
How to cite:
Lemon, J.L.; McMenamy, M.J. A Review of Registered and Candidate Vaccines for Bovine Respiratory Disease in the UK. Preprints2021, 2021080082. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0082.v1
Lemon, J.L.; McMenamy, M.J. A Review of Registered and Candidate Vaccines for Bovine Respiratory Disease in the UK. Preprints 2021, 2021080082. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0082.v1
Lemon, J.L.; McMenamy, M.J. A Review of Registered and Candidate Vaccines for Bovine Respiratory Disease in the UK. Preprints2021, 2021080082. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0082.v1
APA Style
Lemon, J.L., & McMenamy, M.J. (2021). A Review of Registered and Candidate Vaccines for Bovine Respiratory Disease in the UK. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0082.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Lemon, J.L. and Michael J. McMenamy. 2021 "A Review of Registered and Candidate Vaccines for Bovine Respiratory Disease in the UK" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0082.v1
Abstract
Vaccination is widely regarded as a cornerstone in animal or herd health and infectious disease management. Nineteen vaccines against the major pathogens implicated in bovine respiratory disease are registered for use in the UK by the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). However, despite annual prophylactic vaccination, bovine respiratory disease is still conservatively estimated to cost the UK economy approximately £80 million per annum. This review examines the vaccine types available, discusses the surrounding literature and scientific rationale of the limitations and assesses the potential of novel vaccine technologies.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
