Version 1
: Received: 15 June 2021 / Approved: 15 June 2021 / Online: 15 June 2021 (15:44:37 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 2 July 2021 / Approved: 2 July 2021 / Online: 2 July 2021 (13:51:03 CEST)
Kuypers, S.; Goorden, T.; Delepierre, B. Computational Analysis of the Properties of Post-Keynesian Endogenous Money Systems. Journal of Risk and Financial Management 2021, 14, 335, doi:10.3390/jrfm14070335.
Kuypers, S.; Goorden, T.; Delepierre, B. Computational Analysis of the Properties of Post-Keynesian Endogenous Money Systems. Journal of Risk and Financial Management 2021, 14, 335, doi:10.3390/jrfm14070335.
Kuypers, S.; Goorden, T.; Delepierre, B. Computational Analysis of the Properties of Post-Keynesian Endogenous Money Systems. Journal of Risk and Financial Management 2021, 14, 335, doi:10.3390/jrfm14070335.
Kuypers, S.; Goorden, T.; Delepierre, B. Computational Analysis of the Properties of Post-Keynesian Endogenous Money Systems. Journal of Risk and Financial Management 2021, 14, 335, doi:10.3390/jrfm14070335.
Abstract
“Money has always been something of an embarrassment to economic theory. Everyone agrees that it is important; indeed, much of macroeconomic policy discussion makes no sense without reference to money. Yet, for the most part theory fails to provide a good account for it.” (Banerjee and Maskin, 1996, p. 955)The debate about whether or not a growth imperative exists in debt based, interest bearing mone- tary systems has not yet been settled. It is the goal of this paper to introduce a new perspective in this discussion.For that purpose an SFC computational model is constructed which simulates a post Keynesian Endogenous Money system without including economic parameters such as production, wages, consumption and savings. A case is made that isolating the monetary system allows for better analysis of the inherent properties of such a system.Loan demands, which are assumed to happen, are the driving force of the model. Simulations can be run in two modes, each based on a different assumption. Either the growth rate of the money stock is assumed to be constant or the loan rate, expressed as a percentage of the money stock, is assumed to be constant.Simulations with varying parameters are run in order to determine the conditions under which the model converges to stability, which is defined as converging to a bounded debt rate.The analysis shows that stability of the model is dependent on net bank profit ratios, expressed relative to their debt assets, remaining below the growth rate of the money stock. Based on these findings it is argued that the question about the existence of a growth imperative in debt based, interest bearing monetary systems needs to be reframed. The question becomes whether a steady state economy can realistically support such a system without destabilising it. In order to answer this question real world behavior of economic actors must be included in the model.It is concluded that there are indications that it might not be feasible for a steady state economy to support a stable debt based, interest bearing monetary system without strong interventions. However, more research is necessary for a definite answer. Real world observable data should be analysed through the lens of the presented model to bring more clarity.
Economics; SFC; Growth imperative; Steady state economy; Money stock; Money supply; Green economy; Green Growth
Subject
Business, Economics and Management, Economics
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Commenter: Stef Kuypers
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author
Added references, English language corrections.
Changed sections:
- Minor changes to abstract.
- Minor changes to introduction.
Updated discussion sections:
- Steady State Economy
- Added Green Economy section
Updated conclusion.