Version 1
: Received: 31 May 2021 / Approved: 2 June 2021 / Online: 2 June 2021 (11:41:26 CEST)
How to cite:
Nava-Castro, K.E.; Pavón, L.; Becerril-Villanueva, L.E.; Ponce-Regalado, M.D.; Aguilar-Díaz, H.; Segovia-Mendoza, M.; Morales-Montor, J. Sexual Dimorphism of the Neuroimmunoendocrine Response in the Spleen During a Helminth Infection: A New Role for an Old Player?. Preprints2021, 2021060069. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202106.0069.v1
Nava-Castro, K.E.; Pavón, L.; Becerril-Villanueva, L.E.; Ponce-Regalado, M.D.; Aguilar-Díaz, H.; Segovia-Mendoza, M.; Morales-Montor, J. Sexual Dimorphism of the Neuroimmunoendocrine Response in the Spleen During a Helminth Infection: A New Role for an Old Player?. Preprints 2021, 2021060069. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202106.0069.v1
Nava-Castro, K.E.; Pavón, L.; Becerril-Villanueva, L.E.; Ponce-Regalado, M.D.; Aguilar-Díaz, H.; Segovia-Mendoza, M.; Morales-Montor, J. Sexual Dimorphism of the Neuroimmunoendocrine Response in the Spleen During a Helminth Infection: A New Role for an Old Player?. Preprints2021, 2021060069. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202106.0069.v1
APA Style
Nava-Castro, K.E., Pavón, L., Becerril-Villanueva, L.E., Ponce-Regalado, M.D., Aguilar-Díaz, H., Segovia-Mendoza, M., & Morales-Montor, J. (2021). Sexual Dimorphism of the Neuroimmunoendocrine Response in the Spleen During a Helminth Infection: A New Role for an Old Player?. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202106.0069.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Nava-Castro, K.E., Mariana Segovia-Mendoza and Jorge Morales-Montor. 2021 "Sexual Dimorphism of the Neuroimmunoendocrine Response in the Spleen During a Helminth Infection: A New Role for an Old Player?" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202106.0069.v1
Abstract
The interaction of the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems is crucial in the maintenance of homeostasis in vertebrates, and vital in mammals. The spleen is a key organ that regulates the neuroimmunoendocrine system. The Taenia crassiceps mouse system is an excellent experimental model to study the complex host-parasite relationship, particularly sex-associated susceptibility to infection. The aim of the present study was to determine the changes in neurotransmitters, cytokines, sex steroids, and sex-steroid receptors in the spleen of cysticercus-infected male and female mice, and the association of these different components with whole parasite counts. We found that parasite load was higher in female in comparison to male mice. The levels of the neurotransmitter epinephrine were significantly decreased in infected male animals. The expression of IL-2 and IL-4 in the spleen was markedly increased in infected mice; however, the expression of Interleukin (IL)-10 and Interferon (IFN)-γ decreased. We also observed sex-associated differences between non-infected and infected mice. Interestingly, the data show that estradiol levels increased in infected males but decreased in females. Our studies provide evidence that infection leads to changes on neuroimmunoendocrine molecules in the spleen during infection. These changes are dimorphic and impact the establishment, growth, and reproduction of T. crassiceps. Our findings support the key role of the neuroimmune network in determining sex-associated susceptibility to the helminth parasite.
Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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