Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

# Delta Fractional Sturm--Liouville Problems: From Discrete to Continuous

Version 1 : Received: 25 March 2021 / Approved: 26 March 2021 / Online: 26 March 2021 (15:42:47 CET)

How to cite: Ozarslan, R.; Bas, E. Delta Fractional Sturm--Liouville Problems: From Discrete to Continuous. Preprints 2021, 2021030674 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202103.0674.v1). Ozarslan, R.; Bas, E. Delta Fractional Sturm--Liouville Problems: From Discrete to Continuous. Preprints 2021, 2021030674 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202103.0674.v1).

## Abstract

In this study, we consider delta fractional Sturm--Liouville (DFSL) initial value problems in the sense of delta Caputo and delta Riemann-Liouville (R--L) operators. One of the properties of delta fractional difference operators which makes it different from nabla counterpart is to shift its domain. This feature makes it more complex than the nabla fractional operator. We obtain sum representation of solutions for DFSL initial value problems with the help of $\mathcal{Z}-$ transformation. Moreover, we get analytical solutions of homogeneous DFSL problem within Riemann-Liouville (R--L) and Caputo sense, discrete Sturm--Liouville (DSL) problem, continuous fractional Sturm--Liouville (FSL) problem in the sense of R--L and Caputo operators, and continuous Sturm--Liouville (SL) differential problem. From this point of view, we compare all the solutions with each other. Consequently, we show that all results for these four eigenvalue problems are compatible with each other and approach to each other while the orders tends to one, i.e. $\Delta^{\mu }\left( \Delta x\left( t-\mu \right) \right)\cong D_{0^{+}}^{\mu }\left( x^{\prime }\left( t\right) \right)\cong \Delta^2x(n-1) \cong x^{\prime \prime }\left( t\right) =\lambda x\left( t\right),\ \mu\rightarrow1$ . We support our results comparatively by tables and simulations in detail.

## Subject Areas

Delta fractional equations; Fractional differential equations; Sturm--Liouville; Eigenfunctions; Eigenvalues

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