Version 1
: Received: 19 March 2020 / Approved: 23 March 2020 / Online: 23 March 2020 (06:29:42 CET)
Version 2
: Received: 23 March 2020 / Approved: 24 March 2020 / Online: 24 March 2020 (06:47:18 CET)
Version 3
: Received: 5 May 2020 / Approved: 6 May 2020 / Online: 6 May 2020 (04:40:25 CEST)
Zamai, L. The Yin and Yang of ACE/ACE2 Pathways: The Rationale for the Use of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors in COVID-19 Patients. Cells2020, 9, 1704.
Zamai, L. The Yin and Yang of ACE/ACE2 Pathways: The Rationale for the Use of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors in COVID-19 Patients. Cells 2020, 9, 1704.
Zamai, L. The Yin and Yang of ACE/ACE2 Pathways: The Rationale for the Use of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors in COVID-19 Patients. Cells2020, 9, 1704.
Zamai, L. The Yin and Yang of ACE/ACE2 Pathways: The Rationale for the Use of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors in COVID-19 Patients. Cells 2020, 9, 1704.
Abstract
The article describes the rational for inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) pathways as specific targets in patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 in order to prevent the establishment of positive feedback loops triggered by COVID-19 in some predisposed subjects. Making use of a large quantity of published reports in which human/rodent ACE2 pathway inhibitors were administered in vivo, it is hypothesized a possible therapeutic pharmacological intervention through an inhibition strategy of the zinc metalloprotease ACE2 and its downstream pathway for SARS-CoV-2 patients. Of even more interest, metal (zinc) chelators and renin inhibitors (both FDA approved drugs) may also work alone or in combination in inhibiting the positive feedback loops, initially triggered by COVID-19 and subsequently sustained by hypoxia independently on viral trigger, when both arms of renin-angiotensin system (ACE2 and ACE) are upregulated, leading to critical, advanced and untreatable stages of the disease.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2; (soluble) ACE2; eosinophil; asthma; IL-10; Lung fibrosis; hypercapnic acidosis; hypoxia; infarction; hypertension; cardiac dysfunction; respiratory distress; coagulopathy; Angiotensin; renin; Ang (1-7); Ang (1-9); Mas receptor; AT2 receptor
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Pathology and Pathobiology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Commenter: Loris ZAMAI
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author