Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Increased Oxidative Stress Toxicity and Lowered Antioxidant Defenses in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Mesial Temporal Sclerosis: Associations with Psychiatric Comorbidities

Michael Maes
,
Thitiporn Supasitthumrong
* ORCID logo ,
Chusak Limotai
,
Ana Paula Michelin
,
Andressa Keiko Matsumoto
,
Laura de Oliveira Semeão
,
João Victor de Lima Pedrão
,
Estefania G. Moreira
,
Andre Carvalho
,
Sunee Sirivichayakul
,
Decio Barbosa
,
Buranee Kanchanatawan
Version 1 : Received: 23 January 2020 / Approved: 24 January 2020 / Online: 24 January 2020 (14:46:17 CET)

How to cite: Maes, M.; Supasitthumrong, T.; Limotai, C.; Michelin, A.P.; Matsumoto, A.K.; Semeão, L.D.O.; Pedrão, J.V.D.L.; Moreira, E.G.; Carvalho, A.; Sirivichayakul, S.; Barbosa, D.; Kanchanatawan, B. Increased Oxidative Stress Toxicity and Lowered Antioxidant Defenses in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Mesial Temporal Sclerosis: Associations with Psychiatric Comorbidities. Preprints 2020, 2020010285. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202001.0285.v1 Maes, M.; Supasitthumrong, T.; Limotai, C.; Michelin, A.P.; Matsumoto, A.K.; Semeão, L.D.O.; Pedrão, J.V.D.L.; Moreira, E.G.; Carvalho, A.; Sirivichayakul, S.; Barbosa, D.; Kanchanatawan, B. Increased Oxidative Stress Toxicity and Lowered Antioxidant Defenses in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Mesial Temporal Sclerosis: Associations with Psychiatric Comorbidities. Preprints 2020, 2020010285. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202001.0285.v1

Abstract

Oxidative stress toxicity (OSTOX), as well as lowered antioxidant defenses (ANTIOX), play a role in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Nevertheless, the associations between OSTOX/ANTIOX and psychiatric comorbidities in TLE are largely unknown.Thus, this study examines plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), total radical trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP) and sulfhydryl (-SH) groups in Depression due to TLE (n=25); Anxiety Disorders due to TLE (n=27); Psychotic Disorder due to TLE (n=25); “pure TLE” (n=27); and healthy controls (n=40).TLE and mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) were characterized by significant increases in OSTOX (MDA, AOPP, LOOH) and lowered ANTIOX (-SH groups, TRAP). The discrimination of pure TLE from controls yielded a significant area under the ROC curve for MDA (0.999), AOPP (0.851), -SH groups (0.899) and the OSTOX/ANTIOX ratio (0.996). Seizure frequency is significantly associated with increased MDA and lowered LOOH and NOx levels. Increased MDA was associated with the severity of depressive and physiosomatic symptoms, whilst increased AOPP levels predicted suicidal ideation. Depression and anxiety disorders co-occurring with TLE showed significantly lower MDA levels than TLE without any comorbidities. The psychotic and negative symptoms of TLE are associated with increased MDA levels and excitation with increased LOOH and lowered TRAP levels.These results indicate that oxidative stress toxicity especially protein oxidation and aldehyde formation coupled with lowered -SH groups play a key role in the pathophysiology of TLE/MTS. Increased aldehyde formation also impacts psychopathology, psychosis, as well as negative and depressive symptoms.

Keywords

oxidative stress; neuroimmunomodulation; major depression; inflammation; neurotoxicity; schizophrenia

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Psychiatry and Mental Health

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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