Tada, A.; Miura, H. The Relationship between Vitamin C and Periodontal Diseases: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health2019, 16, 2472.
Tada, A.; Miura, H. The Relationship between Vitamin C and Periodontal Diseases: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 2472.
Tada, A.; Miura, H. The Relationship between Vitamin C and Periodontal Diseases: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health2019, 16, 2472.
Tada, A.; Miura, H. The Relationship between Vitamin C and Periodontal Diseases: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 2472.
Abstract
Vitamin C is important in preventing and slowing the progression of many diseases. There is significant evidence linking periodontal disease and vitamin C. We aimed to systematically review studies addressing the relationship between vitamin C and periodontal disease and the preventive ability of vitamin C against periodontal disease. Electric searches were performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Studies addressing the relationships between periodontal disease and vitamin C in adults aged over 18 years were included. Quality assessment was done using Critical Appraisal Skills Program guideline and GRADE-CERQual. Seventy hundred and sixteen articles were retrieved and fifteen articles (7 cross-sectional studies, 2 case-control studies, 2 cohort studies, and 4 randomized controlled trial [RCT]) were selected by reviewing all articles. Vitamin C intake and blood level were negatively related to periodontal disease in all 7 cross-sectional studies. Subjects who suffer from periodontitis presented lower vitamin C intake and lower blood vitamin C level than subjects without periodontal disease in the two case-control studies. Patients with lower dietary intake or lower blood level of vitamin C showed greater progression of periodontal disease than did the controls. Intervention using vitamin C administration improved gingival bleeding in gingivitis but not in periodontitis. Alveolar bone absorption was also not improved. The present systematic review suggested that vitamin C contributes to reduced risk of periodontal disease.
Medicine and Pharmacology, Dentistry and Oral Surgery
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