Article
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Deterrence Theory in Paraguay: An Exploratory Study
Version 1
: Received: 29 November 2018 / Approved: 30 November 2018 / Online: 30 November 2018 (10:01:44 CET)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Schneider, A. Deterrence Theory in Paraguay: Exploring Fraud and Violation of Trust Cases. Soc. Sci. 2019, 8, 23. Schneider, A. Deterrence Theory in Paraguay: Exploring Fraud and Violation of Trust Cases. Soc. Sci. 2019, 8, 23.
Abstract
This research paper contributes to the literature of deterrence theory in general, and in particular with respect to white-collar crime, offering valuable inside by using a unique data set of fraud and violation of trust incidents for Paraguay. Descriptive evidence show a clear and continuous misallocation of funds and human capital, and therefore providing less efficient services for the public. Regression analysis suggests that clearance rate exerts a highly significant effect in deterring fraud but results are not clear for violation of trust incidents. Despite the limitations of available data, results confirm deterrence theory in Paraguay. However, to more than two-thirds of victims, not even the attempt was made to seek justice. As a side-result, it seems that a soft on crime strategy, induced from the former German penal code, has led to an increasing share of pre-trial diversion and therefore enhancing white-collar crimes like fraud and violation of trust due to impunity.
Keywords
deterrence; Paraguay; fraud; crime; soft on crime
Subject
Business, Economics and Management, Human Resources and Organizations
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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