Version 1
: Received: 29 May 2018 / Approved: 30 May 2018 / Online: 30 May 2018 (16:19:51 CEST)
How to cite:
Lin, C.; Chien, H.; Lin, M.; Chen, C.; Shen, M.; Chen, C. Chitosan Inhibits the Rehabilitation of Damaged Microbes Induced by Photodynamic Inactivation. Preprints2018, 2018050453. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201805.0453.v1
Lin, C.; Chien, H.; Lin, M.; Chen, C.; Shen, M.; Chen, C. Chitosan Inhibits the Rehabilitation of Damaged Microbes Induced by Photodynamic Inactivation. Preprints 2018, 2018050453. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201805.0453.v1
Lin, C.; Chien, H.; Lin, M.; Chen, C.; Shen, M.; Chen, C. Chitosan Inhibits the Rehabilitation of Damaged Microbes Induced by Photodynamic Inactivation. Preprints2018, 2018050453. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201805.0453.v1
APA Style
Lin, C., Chien, H., Lin, M., Chen, C., Shen, M., & Chen, C. (2018). Chitosan Inhibits the Rehabilitation of Damaged Microbes Induced by Photodynamic Inactivation. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201805.0453.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Lin, C., Mandy Shen and Chin-Tin Chen. 2018 "Chitosan Inhibits the Rehabilitation of Damaged Microbes Induced by Photodynamic Inactivation" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201805.0453.v1
Abstract
Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) combines the nontoxic photosensitizer (PS) and visible light to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause oxidative damages in (on) microbial organisms. Previously, we have shown that chitosan can augment the bactericidal efficacy mediated by PDI against bacteria and Candida. In this study, we showed that the antimicrobial action of chitosan to augment PDI relates to the enlargement of cell surface destruction. The microbial cell surfaces exhibit severe irregular shapes after PDI in the presence of chitosan. Furthermore, increase in the concentrations or incubation time of chitosan significantly reduce the amounts of photosensitizers TBO required, indicating that chitosan could be a synergistic agent with PDI against human pathogens. A prolonged lag phase was found in PDI surviving microbial cells, in which chitosan can act to synergistically eradicate the cells. Once the impaired cells rebuild their cellular functions from PDI-induced damage, the increased cytotoxic effect of chitosan disappeared. Together, our results suggest that chitosan with an augmented bactericidal activity after PDI is to inhibit the rehabilitation of PDI surviving cells, leading to microbial death.
Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
