Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Efficacy of a Gluten-Free Diet in the Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome: A Pilot Study

Version 1 : Received: 25 April 2018 / Approved: 26 April 2018 / Online: 26 April 2018 (06:26:55 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Rodrigo, L.; Álvarez, N.; Fernández-Bustillo, E.; Salas-Puig, J.; Huerta, M.; Hernández-Lahoz, C. Efficacy of a Gluten-Free Diet in the Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2018, 10, 573. Rodrigo, L.; Álvarez, N.; Fernández-Bustillo, E.; Salas-Puig, J.; Huerta, M.; Hernández-Lahoz, C. Efficacy of a Gluten-Free Diet in the Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2018, 10, 573.

Abstract

The Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) and Non-Coeliac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS) may be associated. We analyse the efficacy of a gluten-free diet (GFD) in 29 patients with GTS (23 children; 6 adults) in a prospective pilot study. All of them followed a GFD for one year. The YGTSS, Y-BOCS/CY-BOCS and GTS-QOL questionnaires were compared before and after the GFD. 74% of children and 50% of adults were males, not significant (NS). At the beginning of the study, 69% of children and 100% of adults had associated OCD (NS). At baseline, the YGTSS scores were 55.0 ± 17.5 (children) and 55.8 ± 19.8 (adults) (NS), the Y-BOCS/CY-BOCS scores were 15.3 (SD = 12.3) (children) and 26.8 (9.2) (adults) (p = 0.043), and the GTS-QOL scores were 42.8 ± 18.5 (children) and 64 ± 7.9 (adults) (p = 0.000). NCGS was frequent in both groups, with headaches reported by 47.0% of children and 83.6% of adults (p = 0.001). After one year on a GFD there was a marked reduction in measures of tics (YGTSS) (p = 0.001), and the intensity and frequency of OCD (Y-BOCS/CY-BOCS) (p = 0.001), along with improved QOL (p = 0.001) in children and adults. In conclusion, a GFD maintained for one year in GTS patients led to a marked reduction in tics and OCD both in children and adults.

Keywords

Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS); children and adults; motor and vocal/phonic tics; obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS); gluten-free diet; one-year adherence

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Neurology

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