Luo, Y.; Ran, G.; Chen, N.; Shen, Q.; Zhang, Y. Microstructural Evolution, Thermodynamics, and Kinetics of Mo-Tm2O3 Powder Mixtures during Ball Milling. Materials2016, 9, 834.
Luo, Y.; Ran, G.; Chen, N.; Shen, Q.; Zhang, Y. Microstructural Evolution, Thermodynamics, and Kinetics of Mo-Tm2O3 Powder Mixtures during Ball Milling. Materials 2016, 9, 834.
Luo, Y.; Ran, G.; Chen, N.; Shen, Q.; Zhang, Y. Microstructural Evolution, Thermodynamics, and Kinetics of Mo-Tm2O3 Powder Mixtures during Ball Milling. Materials2016, 9, 834.
Luo, Y.; Ran, G.; Chen, N.; Shen, Q.; Zhang, Y. Microstructural Evolution, Thermodynamics, and Kinetics of Mo-Tm2O3 Powder Mixtures during Ball Milling. Materials 2016, 9, 834.
Abstract
The microstructural evolution, thermodynamics and kinetics of Mo-21%Tm2O3 (mass fraction, %) powder mixtures during ball milling were investigated using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Ball milling induced Tm2O3 to be decomposed and then dissolved into Mo crystal. The supersaturated nanocrystalline solid solution of Mo (Tm, O) was obtained after 96 h of ball milling. The elements of Mo, Tm and O were distributed uniformly in the ball-milled particles. Based on the semi-experimental theory of Miedema, a thermodynamic model was developed to calculate the driving force of phase evolution. There was no chemical driving force to form a crystal solid solution of Tm atoms in Mo crystal or an amorphous phase because the Gibbs free energy for both processes was higher than zero. For Mo-21%Tm2O3, it was mechanical work, not negative heat of mixing, that provided the driving force to form supersaturated nanocrystalline Mo (Tm, O) solid solution.
Chemistry and Materials Science, Materials Science and Technology
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