Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Factors Associated with Non-Adherence to Tuberculosis Pre-ventive Treatment among Adult Contacts of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases with Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Catalonia, Spain, in 2019−2021

Pere Plans-Rubió
* ORCID logo ,
Sofia Godoy
,
Diana Toledo
ORCID logo ,
Angela Domínguez
,
Joan Caylà
ORCID logo ,
Ignasi Parron
ORCID logo ,
Joan Pau Millet
ORCID logo ,
Pere Godoy
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 1 February 2024 / Approved: 2 February 2024 / Online: 2 February 2024 (04:53:50 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Plans-Rubió, P.; Godoy, S.; Toledo, D.; Domínguez, A.; Caylà, J.; Parron, I.; Millet, J.P.; Godoy, P. Factors Associated with Non-Adherence to Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment among Adult Contacts of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases with Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Catalonia, Spain, in 2019−2021. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2024, 9, 54. Plans-Rubió, P.; Godoy, S.; Toledo, D.; Domínguez, A.; Caylà, J.; Parron, I.; Millet, J.P.; Godoy, P. Factors Associated with Non-Adherence to Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment among Adult Contacts of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases with Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Catalonia, Spain, in 2019−2021. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2024, 9, 54.

Abstract

The aim of the study was to identify factors associated with non-adherence to tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment among contacts with latent TB infection of new cases of pulmonary TB cases reported in Catalonia in 2019-2021. All contacts aged 18 years or older with a latent TB infection who received a TB preventive treatment were included in the study. The Chi square test and the odds ratios (OR) were used to assess the association between non-adherence to TB preventive treatment and the study variables, considering a p < 0.05 as statistically significant. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to detect the in-dependent factors associated with TB preventive treatment non-adherence, considering a p < 0.05 as statistically significant. The percentage of non-adherence to TB preventive treatment found in this study was 23.7%. A multivariable logistic regression analysis determined that the following factors were significantly associated with TB preventive treatment non-adherence among adult contacts: “exposure at school or workplace” (aOR = 3.34), “exposure to an index case without laboratory confirmation of TB” (aOR = 2.07), “immigrant contact” (aOR = 1.81), “male gender” (aOR = 1.75) and “exposure duration <6 hours per week or sporadic exposure” (aOR = 1.60). By contrast, the factor “short-term TB preventive treatment regimen” (aOR = 0.38) was significantly associated with a lower treatment non-adherence. Adherence to TB preventive treatment should be improved among adult contacts of TB pulmonary cases with latent TB infection by recommending short-term treatment regimens and by developing health education activities, with a greater focus on contacts with factors associated with treatment non-adherence.

Keywords

latent tuberculosis infection; tuberculosis; non-adherence to LTBI treatment; factors of treatment non-adherence; community health

Subject

Public Health and Healthcare, Public Health and Health Services

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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