Pargätzi, G.; Bergadano, A.; Spadavecchia, C.; Theurillat, R.; Thormann, W.; Levionnois, O.L. Stereoselective Pharmacokinetics of Ketamine Administered at a Low Dose in Awake Dogs. Animals2024, 14, 1012.
Pargätzi, G.; Bergadano, A.; Spadavecchia, C.; Theurillat, R.; Thormann, W.; Levionnois, O.L. Stereoselective Pharmacokinetics of Ketamine Administered at a Low Dose in Awake Dogs. Animals 2024, 14, 1012.
Pargätzi, G.; Bergadano, A.; Spadavecchia, C.; Theurillat, R.; Thormann, W.; Levionnois, O.L. Stereoselective Pharmacokinetics of Ketamine Administered at a Low Dose in Awake Dogs. Animals2024, 14, 1012.
Pargätzi, G.; Bergadano, A.; Spadavecchia, C.; Theurillat, R.; Thormann, W.; Levionnois, O.L. Stereoselective Pharmacokinetics of Ketamine Administered at a Low Dose in Awake Dogs. Animals 2024, 14, 1012.
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the stereoselective pharmacokinetics of racemic ketamine in dogs at low dose. Secondary aims were to identify associated behavioural side effects and propose a ketamine infusion rate. The study was conducted on nine intact male beagles, with each dog undergoing two treatments (BOL and INF). For treatment BOL, a single intravenous bolus of 1 mg/kg racemic ketamine was administered over 2 minutes. The treatment INF involved an initial bolus of 0.5 mg/kg given over 1 minute, followed by an infusion at 0.01 mg/kg/min for 1 hour. Blood samples were collected from the left cephalic vein for pharmacokinetic analysis. The median R/S enantiomer ratio of ketamine remained close to 1 throughout the study. However, levels of S-norketamine were significantly higher than those of R-norketamine across all time points. Based on the collected data, the infusion rate predicted to achieve a steady state racemic ketamine plasma concentration of 150 ng/mL was 1.7 mg/kg/h. Furthermore, employing ROC curve analysis, a racemic ketamine plasma concentration of 102 ng/mL was defined as the cut-off value, correlating with the occurrence of undesirable behavioural patterns.
Biology and Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Zoology
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