Miglio, A.; Falcinelli, E.; Cappelli, K.; Mecocci, S.; Mezzasoma, A.M.; Antognoni, M.T.; Gresele, P. Effect of Regular Training on Platelet Function in Untrained Thoroughbreds. Animals2024, 14, 414.
Miglio, A.; Falcinelli, E.; Cappelli, K.; Mecocci, S.; Mezzasoma, A.M.; Antognoni, M.T.; Gresele, P. Effect of Regular Training on Platelet Function in Untrained Thoroughbreds. Animals 2024, 14, 414.
Miglio, A.; Falcinelli, E.; Cappelli, K.; Mecocci, S.; Mezzasoma, A.M.; Antognoni, M.T.; Gresele, P. Effect of Regular Training on Platelet Function in Untrained Thoroughbreds. Animals2024, 14, 414.
Miglio, A.; Falcinelli, E.; Cappelli, K.; Mecocci, S.; Mezzasoma, A.M.; Antognoni, M.T.; Gresele, P. Effect of Regular Training on Platelet Function in Untrained Thoroughbreds. Animals 2024, 14, 414.
Abstract
Training has a significative effect on physiology of blood coagulation both in humans and in horses. Several hemostatic changes have been reported after exercise in the horse but data available are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the platelet activation and primary platelet-related hemostasis modifications in young untrained Thoroughbred racehorses in the first 4-month timeframe incremental training period in order to improve knowledge on this topic.
Twenty-nine clinically healthy, untrained, 2-year-old Thoroughbred racehorses.
Never trained Thoroughbreds were followed during their incremental 4-month sprint exercise schedule. Blood collection was performed once a month (T-30, T0, T30, T60, and T90). Platelet aggregation was measured by light transmission aggregometer in response to various agonists: adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen and calcium ionophore A23187. Platelet function was evaluated using the Platelet Function Analyzer (PFA-100®) using collagen/ADP and collagen/adrenaline cartridges. Nitrite-nitrate (NOx) plasma concentrations were measured by a colorimetric assay to assess in vivo nitric oxide bioavailability. Platelet activation was investigated also through gene expression analyses (selectin P-SELP, ectonucleotidase CD39-ENTPD1, prostaglandin I2 synthase-PTGIS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase 3-NOS3). Differences among the time points were analyzed and mean±SEM were calculated. Significant modifications were identified compared with T-30 with increase of platelet aggregation (collagen:32.6±4.8 vs 21.6±4.9%; ADP: 35.5±2.0 vs 24.5±3.1%; A23187: 30±4.7 vs 23.8±4%) and a shorter closure time of C-ADP cartridges (75.6±4.4 vs 87.7±3.4 sec) that tended to return to baseline value at T90. NOx concentrations in plasma significantly increased after 30 days of training program compared with baseline. The first long-term training period induce platelet hyperactivity already after 30 days in untrained Thoroughbreds. Regular physical training blunts the negative effects of acute efforts on platelets activation.
Keywords
coagulation; platelet aggregation; equine; first long-term training; Thoroughbred racehorse
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Zoology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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