Version 1
: Received: 29 November 2023 / Approved: 4 December 2023 / Online: 5 December 2023 (04:43:24 CET)
How to cite:
Maforikan, E.S.; Hammani, A.; Ahouansou, M.D.; Anthony-Krueger, C. Estimating Water Balance at Beterou Watershed, Benin Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model. Preprints2023, 2023120135. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0135.v1
Maforikan, E.S.; Hammani, A.; Ahouansou, M.D.; Anthony-Krueger, C. Estimating Water Balance at Beterou Watershed, Benin Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model. Preprints 2023, 2023120135. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0135.v1
Maforikan, E.S.; Hammani, A.; Ahouansou, M.D.; Anthony-Krueger, C. Estimating Water Balance at Beterou Watershed, Benin Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model. Preprints2023, 2023120135. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0135.v1
APA Style
Maforikan, E.S., Hammani, A., Ahouansou, M.D., & Anthony-Krueger, C. (2023). Estimating Water Balance at Beterou Watershed, Benin Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0135.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Maforikan, E.S., Maurice D. Ahouansou and Christian Anthony-Krueger. 2023 "Estimating Water Balance at Beterou Watershed, Benin Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0135.v1
Abstract
Sustained water management requires quantitative information and the knowledge of spatiotemporal dynamics of hydrological system within the basin. This can be achieved through the research. Several studies have investigated both surface water and groundwater in Beterou catchment. However, there are few published papers on the application of the SWAT modeling in Beterou catchment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of SWAT to simulate the water balance within the watershed. The inputs data consist of digital elevation model, land use maps, soil map, climatic data and discharge records. The model was calibrated and validated using the Sequential Uncertainty Fitting (SUFI2) approach. The calibrated started from 1989 to 2006 with four years warming up period (1985-1988); and validation was from 2007 to 2020. The goodness of the model was assessed using five indices, i.e., Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), the ratio of the root means square error to the standard deviation of measured data (RSR), percent bias (PBIAS), the coefficient of determination (R²), and Kling Gupta efficiency (KGE). Results showed that SWAT model successfully simulated river flow in Beterou catchment with NSE = 0.79, R2 = 0.80 and KGE= 0.83 for the calibration process against validation process that provides NSE = 0.78, R2 = 0.78 and KGE= 0.85 using site-based streamflow data. The relative error (PBIAS) ranges from -12.2% to 3.1%. The parameters runoff curve number (CN2), Moist Bulk Density (SOL_BD), Base Flow Alpha Factor (ALPHA_BF), and the available water capacity of the soil layer (SOL_AWC) were the most sensitive parameter. The study provides further research with uncertainty analysis and recommendations for model improvement and provision of an efficient means to improve rainfall and discharges measurement data.
Keywords
Watershed; water balance; SWAT modelling; Beterou
Subject
Engineering, Civil Engineering
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
