Makrygiannis, I.; Tsetsekou, A.; Papastratis, O.; Karalis, K. Assessing the Effects of Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) Incorporation on the Extrusion and Drying Behavior of Brick Mixtures. Ceramics2023, 6, 2367-2385.
Makrygiannis, I.; Tsetsekou, A.; Papastratis, O.; Karalis, K. Assessing the Effects of Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) Incorporation on the Extrusion and Drying Behavior of Brick Mixtures. Ceramics 2023, 6, 2367-2385.
Makrygiannis, I.; Tsetsekou, A.; Papastratis, O.; Karalis, K. Assessing the Effects of Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) Incorporation on the Extrusion and Drying Behavior of Brick Mixtures. Ceramics2023, 6, 2367-2385.
Makrygiannis, I.; Tsetsekou, A.; Papastratis, O.; Karalis, K. Assessing the Effects of Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) Incorporation on the Extrusion and Drying Behavior of Brick Mixtures. Ceramics 2023, 6, 2367-2385.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of incorporating Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) into a production brick mixture in order to mitigate difficulties encountered in the production environment. Three distinct tests were conducted to assess the preparation process. The first test served as a reference, utilizing 100% clay material without RDF. The second test involved the inclusion of 10% RDF, obtained from a waste factory, with a grain size less than 20mm. In the third test, the RDF was mixed with silica sand after undergoing hammer milling with a 2mm sieve, followed by a 10% incorporation into the mixture. The primary objective was to comprehend the behavior of these mixtures in two critical stages: extrusion and drying. Extrusion performance was evaluated by examining the shaping process from the mold, vacuum conditions within the extruder, and the cutting of wet sample bricks. Furthermore, the drying procedure was assessed in terms of shrinkage, drying sensitivity, and appearance. Comparisons were made among the three test scenarios to identify the influence of RDF on these key parameters. Preliminary results indicate that the inclusion of RDF impacted the extrusion process. The addition of RDF resulted in variations in the flow characteristics of the mixture, affecting the shape formation from the mold and the vacuum conditions within the extruder. Additionally, the cutting of wet sample bricks exhibited some differences compared to the reference test. Concerning the drying phase, the presence of RDF influenced shrinkage behavior and drying sensitivity. The mixture with RDF showed different shrinkage patterns compared to the reference, and its drying sensitivity was altered. Moreover, the appearance of the bricks after drying exhibited notable variations due to the incorporation of RDF. In conclusion, incorporating RDF in the brick mixture introduces changes in both the extrusion and drying stages. The alteration in flow characteristics and vacuum conditions during extrusion, as well as the variations in shrinkage, drying sensitivity, and appearance during drying, suggest that further investigation is necessary to optimize the incorporation of RDF for improved brick production. These findings contribute to the understanding of the challenges and opportunities associated with the utilization of RDF in brick manufacturing processes.
Keywords
brick production; sustainable materials; material incorporation
Subject
Engineering, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
