Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Selective roles of Interleukin-10 Family Members (IL-10, IL-19, IL-22) and Varying Levels of Obesity in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes in Patients from Asir Region of Saudi Arabia

Mohammad Muzaffar Mir
* ORCID logo ,
Jaber Alfaifi
ORCID logo ,
Shahzada Khalid Sohail
ORCID logo ,
Syeda Fatima Rizvi
,
Mushabab A. Alghamdi
,
Rashid Mir
ORCID logo ,
Javed Iqbal Wani
,
Zia UL Sabah
ORCID logo ,
Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
ORCID logo ,
Fahad Alremthi
,
AbdulElah Al Jarallah AlQahtani
,
Muffarah Hamid Alharthi
,
Masoud Ishag
,
Imadeldin Elfaki
,
Hany M. A. Sonpol
Version 1 : Received: 18 October 2023 / Approved: 18 October 2023 / Online: 18 October 2023 (13:47:02 CEST)

How to cite: Mir, M.M.; Alfaifi, J.; Sohail, S.K.; Rizvi, S.F.; Alghamdi, M.A.; Mir, R.; Wani, J.I.; Sabah, Z.U.; Alhumaydhi, F.A.; Alremthi, F.; AlQahtani, A.A.J.; Alharthi, M.H.; Ishag, M.; Elfaki, I.; Sonpol, H.M.A. Selective roles of Interleukin-10 Family Members (IL-10, IL-19, IL-22) and Varying Levels of Obesity in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes in Patients from Asir Region of Saudi Arabia. Preprints 2023, 2023101192. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202310.1192.v1 Mir, M.M.; Alfaifi, J.; Sohail, S.K.; Rizvi, S.F.; Alghamdi, M.A.; Mir, R.; Wani, J.I.; Sabah, Z.U.; Alhumaydhi, F.A.; Alremthi, F.; AlQahtani, A.A.J.; Alharthi, M.H.; Ishag, M.; Elfaki, I.; Sonpol, H.M.A. Selective roles of Interleukin-10 Family Members (IL-10, IL-19, IL-22) and Varying Levels of Obesity in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes in Patients from Asir Region of Saudi Arabia. Preprints 2023, 2023101192. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202310.1192.v1

Abstract

Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is becoming a major global health concern, especially in poorer nations. The high prevalence of obesity and the ensuing diabetes I attributed to rapid economic progress, physical inactivity, consumption of high-calorie foods, and changing lifestyles. Objectives. We investigated the role of interleukins-10 , 19 and 22 with varying levels of obesity in T2DM in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods. 170 confirmed T2DM patients and a control group were enrolled. The demographic data, serum levels of IL-10, IL-19, and IL-22, and biochemical indices were assessed in patients and control groups by standard procedures. Results. T2DM patients were divided into four groups: A (normal body weight), B (Overweight), C (obese), and D (highly obese). Both male and female T2DM subjects in Group A showed significant decreases in IL-10 levels as compared to controls; however, there were insignificant changes in IL-10 levels in Groups C and D. T2DM patients in groups C and D, in both males and females, depicted very significant (p 0.001) increases in IL-19 levels as compared to controls and group A. Patient groups A to D displayed a progressive elevation of Il-22 levels irrespective of gender, although significant alterations were seen only in groups B to D, with p 0.05 for group B and p 0.01 for groups C and D respectively, as compared to healthy controls. Conclusions. IL-10 showed a strong relationship with T2DM in males with varying degrees of obesity, but females depicted relatively higher IL-10 levels in obese and highly obese groups, pointing to a protective phenomenon. IL-19 levels showed significant increases in all four groups, irrespective of gender. IL-22 appears to be unrelated to T2DM per se but shows an association with varying degrees of obesity.

Keywords

Diabetes; Pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines; T2DM in Saudi Arabia; Pathogenesis; IL-10; IL-19; and IL 22; Obesity

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Endocrinology and Metabolism

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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