Geck, L.; Tascilar, K.; Simon, D.; Kleyer, A.; Schett, G.; Rech, J. Anti-Interleukin-1 Therapy Does Not Affect the Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in Patients with Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases. J. Clin. Med.2023, 12, 7587.
Geck, L.; Tascilar, K.; Simon, D.; Kleyer, A.; Schett, G.; Rech, J. Anti-Interleukin-1 Therapy Does Not Affect the Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in Patients with Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 7587.
Geck, L.; Tascilar, K.; Simon, D.; Kleyer, A.; Schett, G.; Rech, J. Anti-Interleukin-1 Therapy Does Not Affect the Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in Patients with Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases. J. Clin. Med.2023, 12, 7587.
Geck, L.; Tascilar, K.; Simon, D.; Kleyer, A.; Schett, G.; Rech, J. Anti-Interleukin-1 Therapy Does Not Affect the Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in Patients with Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 7587.
Abstract
Patients with sAID are a population at high risk of severe COVID outcomes but evidence on the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in this group of patients is scarce. To investigate the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with systemic autoinflammatory diseases (sAID) receiving interleukin-1 inhibition is important. Vaccination responses from 100 sAID patients most of whom were treated with IL-1inhibitors (N=96) and 100 healthy controls (HC) were ana-lyzed. After 2nd SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, sAID patients showed similar anti-SARS-CoV-2 anti-body responses (mean (SD): 6.7 (2.7)) compared to HC (5.7 (2.4)) as well as similar neutralizing antibodies (85.1 ±22.9% vs. 82.5 ±19.7%). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses and neutralizing antibodies were similar in sAID patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection and double vaccination. Furthermore, while antibodies increased after 1st and 2nd vaccination in sAID patients they did not further increase after 3rd and 4th vaccination. No difference was found in antibody responses between anakinra and anti-IL-1 antibody treatments and also the additional use of colchicine or other drugs did not impair vaccination responses. Primary and booster SARS-CoV-2 vaccination lead to protective antibody responses in sAID patients, which are at the same level of vaccination responses in HC and in sAID patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Immunomodulatory treatments used in sAID do not seem to affect antibody responses to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
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