Version 1
: Received: 12 October 2023 / Approved: 13 October 2023 / Online: 16 October 2023 (08:40:00 CEST)
How to cite:
Maerlender, A.; Smith, E.; Brolinson, P.; Urban, J.; Ajamil, A.; Rowson, S.; Stitzel, J.; Duma, S.M.; Crisco, J.; Greenwald, R. Weight and Age Interact to Modify Cognitive Effects of Head Acceleration Events after Two Seasons of Youth Football. Preprints2023, 2023100944. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202310.0944.v1
Maerlender, A.; Smith, E.; Brolinson, P.; Urban, J.; Ajamil, A.; Rowson, S.; Stitzel, J.; Duma, S.M.; Crisco, J.; Greenwald, R. Weight and Age Interact to Modify Cognitive Effects of Head Acceleration Events after Two Seasons of Youth Football. Preprints 2023, 2023100944. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202310.0944.v1
Maerlender, A.; Smith, E.; Brolinson, P.; Urban, J.; Ajamil, A.; Rowson, S.; Stitzel, J.; Duma, S.M.; Crisco, J.; Greenwald, R. Weight and Age Interact to Modify Cognitive Effects of Head Acceleration Events after Two Seasons of Youth Football. Preprints2023, 2023100944. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202310.0944.v1
APA Style
Maerlender, A., Smith, E., Brolinson, P., Urban, J., Ajamil, A., Rowson, S., Stitzel, J., Duma, S.M., Crisco, J., & Greenwald, R. (2023). Weight and Age Interact to Modify Cognitive Effects of Head Acceleration Events after Two Seasons of Youth Football. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202310.0944.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Maerlender, A., Joseph Crisco and Richard Greenwald. 2023 "Weight and Age Interact to Modify Cognitive Effects of Head Acceleration Events after Two Seasons of Youth Football" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202310.0944.v1
Abstract
Weight and age interact to modify cognitive effects of head acceleration events after two seasons of youth football
Abstract
This is a follow-up study of youth American football players in a second season of play. Season-one findings identified a relationship between a head acceleration measure (HITsp) and cognitive score changes with weight modifying the effect in 9 to 10 year-olds. Sixty-eight youth completed a second season of play wearing helmet-mounted sensors and were assessed with neuropsychological tests pre- and post-season. Regression analysis of the full sample demonstrated a small but significant negative effect of HAE on cognition as indexed by test score changes: R2 = .06, F = 4.06, p = .024. Outcome differences between those who started playing at ages nine to 10, compared to those who started between 11 and 13 were identified: t(66) = -3.39, p<.01, d = -.84, 95th CI -2.77 to -.72. Regression models including players’ weights found that the relationship of weight to outcome was different by group: greater negative cognitive effects were found in younger-heavier players (R2 = 0.21, F =3.21, p = 0.03) and older-lighter players (R2 = 0.18, F =4.26, p <.001). These findings confirmed a negative relationship of HAE and cognitive change and point to player weight as an important developmental factor to consider in understanding concussion biomechanics.
Keywords
Neuropsychological tests; youth football; concussion; cognition; helmets; head acceleration events
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Neurology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
