Mátrai, Á.; Teutsch, B.; Pethő, B.; Kaposi, A.D.; Hegyi, P.; Ács, N. Reducing the Risk of Birth Defects Associated with Maternal Influenza: Insights from a Hungarian Case—Control Study. J. Clin. Med.2023, 12, 6934.
Mátrai, Á.; Teutsch, B.; Pethő, B.; Kaposi, A.D.; Hegyi, P.; Ács, N. Reducing the Risk of Birth Defects Associated with Maternal Influenza: Insights from a Hungarian Case—Control Study. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 6934.
Mátrai, Á.; Teutsch, B.; Pethő, B.; Kaposi, A.D.; Hegyi, P.; Ács, N. Reducing the Risk of Birth Defects Associated with Maternal Influenza: Insights from a Hungarian Case—Control Study. J. Clin. Med.2023, 12, 6934.
Mátrai, Á.; Teutsch, B.; Pethő, B.; Kaposi, A.D.; Hegyi, P.; Ács, N. Reducing the Risk of Birth Defects Associated with Maternal Influenza: Insights from a Hungarian Case—Control Study. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 6934.
Abstract
Influenza virus can cause several complications during pregnancy. Therefore, we aimed to inves-tigate the effects of influenza on the development of congenital abnormalities (CAs) by analyzing the database of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities (HCCS-CA). In our multicenter, case-control, population-based study, we processed clinician-reported outcomes and diagnoses collected in the HCCSCA. The case group included newborns with dif-ferent non-chromosomal birth defects, while controls were newborns without CAs. Maternal in-fluenza, as a risk factor for CAs, was analyzed by using a logistic regression model and odds ra-tios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Our results showed that maternal influenza in the first trimester was associated with increased odds of developing non-chromosomal CAs (OR: 1.41, CI: 1.28–1.55). There were increased odds of neural tube defects (OR: 2.22, CI: 1.78–2.76), orofacial clefts (OR: 2.28, CI: 1.87–2.78) and congenital heart defects (OR: 1.28, CI: 1.10–1.49) after influenza infection. In all cases, we found a protective effect of folic acid supplementation in the first tri-mester. The odds of non-chromosomal birth defects are higher after maternal influenza in the first -trimester. Folic acid or pregnancy vitamin supplementation and antipyretic therapy may reduce the effect of maternal influenza during the first trimester.
Keywords
influenza; pregnancy; first trimester; non-chromosomal congenital malformations
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
